LOCATION TOINETTE AL+KY MS TN

Established Series
SP-SCD-AMS
01/2018

TOINETTE SERIES

The Toinette series consists of very deep, well to somewhat excessively drained soils formed in thick beds of sandy and loamy fluvial and marine sediments. These nearly level to very strongly sloping soils are on hills of the Southern Coastal Plains MLRA 133A. Slopes range from 2 to 60 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1626 mm (64 inches) and mean annual air temperature is about 18.9 degrees C (66 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, siliceous, subactive, thermic Arenic Hapludults

TYPICAL PEDON: Toinette loamy sand, on a complex 12 percent slope of recently planted longleaf pine at an elevation of about 40 meters (130 feet). (Colors are for moist soil).

Ap -- 0 to 10 centimeters (0 to 4 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) loamy sand; single grain; loose; common very fine and fine roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. [5 to 20 centimeters (2 to 8 inches) thick]

E -- 10 to 79 centimeters (4 to 31 inches); yellow (10YR 7/6) loamy sand; single grain; loose; few fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. [43 to 91 centimeters (17 to 36 inches) thick]

BE -- 79 to 97 centimeters (31 to 38 inches); 70 percent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) and 30 percent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; few fine roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 25 centimeters (0 to 10 inches) thick)]

Bt -- 97 to 130 centimeters (38 to 51 inches); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; few fine roots; common medium prominent very pale brown (10YR 7/4) pockets of stripped sand; common medium pockets of sandy clay loam material; sand grains are coated and bridged with clay; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [25 to 56 centimeters (10 to 22 inches) thick]

BC -- 130 to 147 centimeters (51 to 58 inches); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; few fine and coarse roots; some sand grains are coated and bridged with clay; few medium distinct very pale brown (10YR 7/4) pockets of stripped sand; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. [0 to 30 centimeters (0 to 12 inches) thick]

C -- 147 to 203 centimeters (58 to 80 inches); 60 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and 40 percent yellow (10YR 7/6) loamy sand; single grain; loose; common medium distinct very pale brown (10YR 7/4) and few medium prominent white (10YR 8/1) pockets of stripped sand; very strongly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Washington County, Alabama, 6.4 kilometers (4.0 miles) east-southeast of Chatom; about 762 meters (2500 feet) south and 472 meters (1550 feet) west of the northeast corner of Sec 34; T. 6 N., R. 2. W. St. Stephens Meridian; USGS Rutan topographic quadrangle. Latitude 31 degrees 26 minutes 36.5 seconds N.; Longitude 88 degrees 09 minutes 53.2 seconds W. WGS 84; UTM 389317 meters east, 3479338 meters north, zone 16 N.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of solum: 75 to 150 centimeters (30 to 60 inches)
Reaction: extremely acid to strongly acid throughout (except where surface has been limed)

A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 3 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: loamy sand or loamy fine sand

E horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 3 to 8
Texture: loamy sand or loamy fine sand

BE or EB horizon, where present:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: loamy sand, loamy fine sand or sandy loam

Bt horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 4 to 8
Surface features: splotches and stripping in shades of yellow or brown range from none to common
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy clay loam

BC horizon, where present:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam or fine sandy loam

C horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 6 or 7
Chroma: 2 to 6
Surface features: Stripping and splotches in shades of red and brown range from none to common.
Texture: sand, loamy sand or loamy fine sand (Some pedons have lamellae with E&Bt horizons in place of the C horizons with colors and textures similar to the C and Bt horizons, respectively 25 centimeters (10 inches) or more thick.)

COMPETING SERIES:
Kenansville soils are in the same family, have yellower subsoils and parallel the east coast.
Remlik soils are in the same family, have yellower subsoils and parallel the Virginia coast.
Baymeade soils are semiactive, have yellower subsoils, parallel the North Carolina coast and may contain Bh material in the A and B horizons.
Blaney soils are semiactive, have yellower subsoils, and some parts of the argillic horizon are compact and brittle.
Chisolm soils are semiactive, and parallel the east coast.
Gomery soils are semiactive, are somewhat poorly drained, and deep to sandstone in Texas.
Valhalla soils have spodic horizons.
Hillister soils are deep to stratified sandstone and shale in Texas.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: thick beds of sandy and loamy fluvial marine sediments
Landscape: Coastal plains
Landform: hills
Hillslope position: N/A
Slope: 2 to 60%
Elevation: 30 to 200 meters (99 to 650 feet)
Mean annual air temperature: 15 to 21 degrees C (59 to 70 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 1321 to 1575 millimeters (52 to 62 inches)
Frost free period: 196 to 250 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Blanton soils are moderately well to excessively drained, surface and subsurface are 100 to 203 centimeters (40 to 80 inches) thick, and are on lower positions on the landscape.
Chatom and Fruitdale soils have fine-loamy control sections and are on similar to lower positions on the landscape.
Lexington soils are fine-silty, are not arenic, have higher base saturation, and are on similar positions.
Luverne soils have a fine particle size class, are not arenic, and are on similar positions.
Poarch soils are moderately well drained, are coarse-loamy, and are on lower positions.
Rattlesnake Forks soils are excessively drained, have a sandy control section, and are on similar positions.
Rutan soils have a coarse-loamy control section, are not arenic, and are on similar positions.
Smithdale soils have a fine-loamy control section, are not arenic and are on similar positions.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class: well drained or somewhat excessively drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat): high
Surface runoff: low to moderate
Permeability: moderately rapid
Water table: none
Ponding: none
Flooding: none

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of Toinette soils are used for planted pine. Some small areas are used for pasture and cropland. The native vegetation consists chiefly of longleaf pine, slash pine, live oak, (in the southern areas) loblolly pine, shortleaf pine, post oak, red oak, white oak, and dogwood with an understory of huckleberry, smilax, American beautyberry, Virginia creeper and blackberry.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Major Land Resource Area (MLRA): Southern Coastal Plain (133A)
Extent: Moderate

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Washington County, Alabama, 2011.

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle-size control section: 97 to 130 centimeters (38 to 51 inches)
Ochric epipedon: the zone from 0 to 79 centimeters (0 to 31 inches) (Ap and E horizons)
Argillic horizon: the zone from 61 to 147 centimeters (24 to 58 inches) (BE, Bt and BC horizons)
Arenic feature: the zone from 0 to 79 centimeters (0 to 31 inches) (A and E horizons)

Soils classified according to the 12th Edition of the Keys to Soil Taxonomy.

ADDITIONAL DATA: No data on this pedon is available at the present time.

OSD User Site ID: 2009AL129004
OSD User Pedon ID: 2009AL129004

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.