LOCATION TOPSY                   AK

Established Series
IRD. NDP/SCD
02/2022

TOPSY SERIES


Landscape--mountain valleys
Landform--pitted outwash plains
Slope--0 to 5 percent
Parent material--glaciolacustrine deposits over outwash
Mean annual precipitation--about 1400 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 5 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--poorly drained
Soil moisture regime--aquic
Soil temperature regime--cryic
Soil moisture subclass--typic

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed Typic Cryaquents

TYPICAL PEDON: Topsy very fine sandy loam, forested, on an outwash plain, on a slope of 3 percent at an elevation of 12 m (When described on June 19, 2015, the soil was moist from the surface to a depth of 14 cm and wet from a depth of 14 to 150 cm.)

Oi--0 to 3 cm; slightly decomposed plant material; neutral (pH 6.7); clear smooth boundary

A--3 to 14 cm; very fine sandy loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; moderate medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine, coarse, and very coarse and many medium roots throughout; common very fine and fine irregular pores; noneffervescent; slightly acid (pH 6.3); clear smooth boundary

Cg1--14 to 27 cm; silty clay loam, gray (2.5Y 6/1) dry, dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine, fine, and medium roots throughout; common very fine and fine irregular pores; 15 percent fine masses of oxidized iron, olive (5Y 5/6) moist, and 20 percent medium masses of reduced iron, gray (5Y 5/1) moist; noneffervescent; neutral (pH 6.6); abrupt smooth boundary

2Cg2--27 to 150 cm; sand, light gray (5Y 7/1) dry, gray (5Y 5/1) moist; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and common fine interstitial pores; slightly effervescent (HCL, 1N); neutral (pH 7.0)

TYPE LOCATION: Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve-Gustavus Area, Alaska; Hoonah-Angoon Census Area; latitude 58.4202200, longitude -135.7586110, datum WGS84 (coordinates determined by a GPS unit)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--1 to 7 degrees C
Soil moisture control section--saturated below a depth of 10 cm (aquic)
Depth to redoximorphic features--at the surface to a depth of 25 cm below the surface
Clay content in particle-size control section--1 to 2 percent

Oi horizon
Thickness--0 to 8 cm

A horizon
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y moist or dry
Value--2 to 4 moist, 4 to 6 dry
Chroma--2 to 6 moist or dry
Fine-earth texture--very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam
Clay content--5 to 10 percent
Reaction (pH)--6.3 to 6.7
Thickness--2 to 15 cm

Cg1 horizon
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y moist or dry
Value--2 to 5 moist, 4 to 7 dry
Chroma--1 or 2 moist or dry
Clay content--28 to 30 percent
Reaction (pH)--6.3 to 7.0
Thickness--10 to 20 cm

2Cg2 horizon
Hue--10YR to 5Y moist or dry
Value--2 to 5 moist, 4 to 7 dry
Chroma--1 or 2 moist or dry
Clay content--1 to 2 percent
Fine-earth texture--sand, fine sand, coarse sand
Reaction (pH)--6.6 to 7.0
Effervescence--very slightly effervescent, slightly effervescent
Thickness--100 to 130 cm

COMPETING SERIES:
Abyss--25 to 50 cm (somewhat poorly drained) to aquic conditions
Ashmun--not calcareous in particle-size control section
Chilkoot--pH of 5.6 to 6.0 in particle-size control section
Monashka, Perouse--no lithologic discontinuity
Stave--redder 5YR colors throughout

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--0 to 20 m
Climate--cool, moist summers; mild, wet winters
Mean annual precipitation--850 to 1850 mm
Mean annual air temperature--0 to 9 degrees C
Frost-free period--90 to 154 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Excursion--histic epipedon; on similar landforms

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--poorly drained
Depth to saturation in normal years--more than 14 cm year round
Flooding--none
Ponding--none
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--high in A horizon, moderately high in C horizon, very high in 2Cg horizon

USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--wildlife habitat, recreation, subsistence
Potential native vegetation--Sitka alder, kinnikinnick, bunchberry dogwood, black crowberry, splendid feather moss, heartleaf twayblade, sidebells wintergreen, lodgepole pine, Schreber's big red stem moss, oval-leaf blueberry

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Alexander Archipelago-Gulf of Alaska Coast, Alaska; MLRA 220; small extent

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: WASILLA, ALASKA

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve-Gustavus Area, Alaska; 2020.

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features in this pedon
*Ochric epipedon
*Redoximorphic features--zone from 14 to 27 cm
*Reduced matrix--zone from 27 to 150 cm
*Aquic conditions--zone from 27 to 150 cm
*Depth to lithologic discontinuity--27 cm
*Free carbonates--zone from 27 to 150 cm
*Particle-size control section--zone from 28 to 103 cm


National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.