LOCATION TOTIER VAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Totier silt loam in an orchardgrass and ladino clover pasture on a northeast facing convex ridge with 5 percent slope. Elevation is 120 meters.(Colors are for moist soil.)
Ap--0 to 20 cm; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate fine granular structure; very friable, slightly sticky, nonplastic; common fine roots; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 25
cm thick)
B21t--20 to 30 cm; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) silty clay loam; few medium distinct reddish brown (5YR 5/3) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine roots; few thin clay films on faces of peds; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
B22t--30 to 81 cm; red (2.5YR 4/6) silty clay; strong fine subangular blocky structure; friable, sticky, plastic; few fine roots; continuous thin clay films on faces of peds; 2 percent shale fragments less than 2 cm in length; medium acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the B2t horizon is 50 to 100 cm thick.)
B3t--81 to 102 cm; red (2.5YR 4/6) silty clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable, sticky, slightly plastic; few thin clay films on faces of peds; 15 percent red shale fragments up to 1 inch in length; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 40 cm thick)
C--102 to 124 cm; red (2.5YR 4/6) shaly silty clay; massive; firm, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; 30 percent red shale fragments less than 5 cm in length; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 30 cm thick)
Cr--124 to 160 cm; red (2.5YR 4/6) soft shale; few thin dark red (2.5YR 3/6) and pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) silty clay loam coatings on shale fragments; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Albemarle County, Virginia; about 21 km south of Charlottesville; 3 km northeast of Tapscott, 1.1 km southwest of the junction of VA-6 and VA-626.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 90 to 150 cm. Depth to a paralithic contact is 100 to 150 cm. Depth to hard bedrock is 180 cm or more. Content of coarse fragments is 0 to 15 percent in the A horizon, 0 to 15 percent in the upper part of the B horizon and 2 to 35 percent in the lower part of the B horizon, and 20 to 60 percent in the C. Coarse fragments consist of angular red shale and rounded quartzite. The soil is medium to very strongly acid throughout, unless limed.
The A horizon has hue of 2.5YR through 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 or 6 except A1 horizons less than 10 cm thick commonly have value and chroma less than 4. It is silt loam, loam or silty clay loam.
The B horizon has hue of 10R through 5YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 4 through 8. Hue of 5YR is restricted to the upper part of the B horizon. The B horizon is silty clay loam, silty clay, clay, or shaly analogues of these textures. The particle-size control section averages more than 30 percent silt.
The C horizon has hue of 10R or 2.5YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 4 or 6. It is shaly or very shaly analogues of silt loam, silty clay loam, or silty clay.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Albertville, Badin, Bengal, Bonvier, Brockroad, Carnasaw, Catharpin, Cullen, Cunningham, Cuthbert, Enders, Endsaw, Fluvanna, Galilee, Gritney, Kirvin, Luverne, Masada, Mattaponi, McQueen, Nason, Remlap, Sweatman, Tatum, Townley, Urland, Vance and Williamsville series in the same family. Albertville and Mattaponi soils have a B horizon in hue of 7.5YR or yellower. Badin soils contain slate fragments in the solum and C horizon. Bengal and Brockroad soils have a lithologic discontinuity within 125 cm. Bonvier and Kirvin soils contain fragments dominated by ironstone. Catharpin soils have a lithologic discontinuity within 130 cm. Carnasaw, Enders, Endsaw and Remlap soils have high shrink-swell. Cullen, Fluvanna, Masada, McQueen and Urland soils do not contain coarse fragments of shale. Cunningham, Cuthbert, Galilee and Townley soils have a paralithic or lithic contact within 100 cm. Gritney soils have mottles with chroma of 2 or less in the lower part of the B horizon. Luverne, Sweatman and Tatum soils contain flakes of mica. Nason and Vance soils have B horizons in hue of 5YR or yellower. Williamsville soils have a solum that range in thickness from 150 to 200 cm.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Totier soils are on nearly level to sloping uplands of the Piedmont Province. Slopes range from 0 to 15 percent. The soils formed in residuum weathered from red shale of Triassic age. The mean annual temperature ranges from 15 degrees to 18 degrees C and the mean annual precipitation ranges from 104 to 113 cm.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Creedmoor, Klinesville, Manassas, Mayodan, Penn and Rapidan soils. Creedmoor soils are along drainageways and in basins and have a mottled heavy clay argillic horizon. Klinesville soils are on sloping to very steep slopes and have bedrock at a depth of 50 cm or less. Manassas soils are along drainageways, in depressions, and on footslopes. They have a fine-loamy particle size control sections. Mayodan, Penn and Rapidan soils are on similar landscape positions as Totier soils. Mayodan soils have a lighter colored surface horizon and have kaolinitic mineralogy. Penn soils have a solum less than 90 cm thick. Rapidan soils have dark reddish brown or dark red colors throughout the solum.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow to medium runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil are under cultivation and pasture with the remainder in forest. Crops are corn, small grain, soybeans, alfalfa, hay and pasture plants. Native vegetation is mixed hardwoods.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: These soils are in the Piedmont Province of Virginia and possibly North Carolina. The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Albemarle County, Virginia, 1981.
REMARKS: These soils were mapped as fine texture variants of the Bucks Series. Information from the field and the laboratory indicates the clay content of the particle size control section is consistently more than 40 percent.
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation VA0175 TOTIER 0- 15 59- 64 180-200 40- 50 300- 900SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness VA0175 NONE 6.0-6.0 - 40-60 SOFT
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- VA0175 0- 8 SIL L 0- 0 75-100 12-27 - VA0175 0- 8 SICL 0- 0 75-100 27-35 - VA0175 8-40 SIC C SH-SICL 0- 0 60-100 35-60 - VA0175 40-49 SH-SICL SHV-L SH-SIC 0- 5 25- 70 20-35 - VA0175 49-63 WB - - - -
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll VA0175 0- 8 4.5- 6.0 2.-4. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW VA0175 0- 8 4.5- 6.0 1.-2. 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 MODERATE VA0175 8-40 4.5- 6.0 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 MODERATE VA0175 40-49 4.5- 6.0 0.-.5 0- 0 0.6- 2.0 LOW VA0175 49-63 - - - 0.00- 0.2