LOCATION MATTAPONI VA+NC
Established Series
JHE-BES, Rev.DTA
10/2021
MATTAPONI SERIES
MLRA(s): 133A, 136
Depth Class: very deep
Drainage Class (Agricultural): moderately well drained to well drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: moderately deep to deep, common
Index Surface Runoff: low to very high
Permeability: moderately slow
Landscape: Coastal Plain and Piedmont
Landform: uplands
Parent Material: fluvial and marine sediments on the Coastal Plain, fluvial sediments as capping on the Piedmont
Slope: 0 to 25 percent
Elevation (type location): 50 to 700 feet
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 59 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location): 42 inches
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, subactive, thermic Oxyaquic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Mattaponi sandy clay loam on a 10 percent convex slope in a naturally reseeded mixed pine and hardwood forests. (Colors are for moist soils.)
0i--0 to 1 inch; partially decomposed leaves and twigs.
Ap--1 to 9 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) sandy clay loam; moderate fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
Bt1--9 to 15 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sandy clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable, sticky, slightly plastic; common fine roots; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--15 to 30 inches; reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) clay; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm, sticky, plastic; common fine roots; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt3--30 to 35 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; firm, sticky, plastic; common fine roots; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt4--35 to 45 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm, sticky, plastic; few fine roots; common prominent clay films on faces of peds; many medium and coarse red (2.5YR 5/6) areas of iron accumulations and many medium and coarse distinct light gray (10YR 7/1) iron depletions; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 30 to 60 inches.)
C1--45 to 57 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay; massive; very firm, sticky, very plastic; many medium distinct red (2.5YR 4/6) areas of iron accumulations and white (10YR 8/1) iron depletions; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
C2--57 to 69 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6); sandy loam; massive, firm, 6 percent quartz gravel; many medium distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) and white (10YR 8/1) iron depletions; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Spotsylvania County, Virginia; about one mile east of Spotsylvania; about 500 yards north of Highway 668 and 600 yards northeast of the junction of Highway 668 and the Spotsylvania-Caroline County line.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 60 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 36 to 72 inches, December to March
Rock Fragment content: rounded quartz gravel from 0 to 50 percent in the A and E horizon, 0 to 35 percent in the B horizon, and 0 to 50 percent in the C horizon
Soil Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid, except where limed
Other Features:
particle size control section contains less than 30 percent silt
Some pedons have less than 5 percent plinthite, by volume, in the lower Bt horizon
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
A or Ap horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 5YR through 2.5Y, value of 2 to 7, and chroma of 2 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-- sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam or silt loam and includes eroded areas of sandy clay loam, clay loam, or clay
E horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 5YR through 2.5Y, value of 2 to 7, and chroma of 2 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-- sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy clay loam or loam
Bt horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, value of 4 to 8, and chroma of 3 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-- clay loam, sandy clay, or clay and may have some subhorizons that are sandy clay loam
Redoximorphic features (lower part)-- iron accumulations in shades of red, brown, or yellow and iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown
BC horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, value of 4 through 8, and chroma of 3 through 8 or is multicolored in shades of these colors
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-- sandy clay loam, clay loam, sandy clay, or clay.
Redoximorphic features (lower part)-- iron accumulations in shades of red, brown, or yellow and iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown
C horizon:
Color--hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, value of 4 through 8, and chroma of 3 through 8 or is multicolored in shades of these colors
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-- stratified sand through clay or their gravelly or very gravelly analogues
Redoximorphic features (lower part)-- iron accumulations in shades of red, brown, or yellow and iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown
2C horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, value of 4 through 8, and chroma of 3 through 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)-- stratified gravelly sand through clay
Redoximorphic features (lower part)-- iron accumulations in shades of red, brown, or yellow and iron depletions in shades of gray, yellow, or brown
COMPETING SERIES:
This is the
Whistlestop series in the same family and
Cataula and
Hard Labor series in closely related families.
Whistlestop soils-- are subject to seasonal flooding
Cataula soils-- formed in residuum in the Piedmont
Hard Labor-- formed in residuum in the Piedmont
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Coastal Plain and Piedmont
Landform: uplands
Parent Material: fluvial and marine sediments on the Coastal Plain, fluvial sediments as capping on the Piedmont
Elevation: 50 to 700 feet
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 57 to 65 degrees
Mean Annual Precipitation: 40 to 45 inches
Frost Free Period: 155 to 190 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Bourne soils-- have less clay in their control sections and have a fragipan
Caroline soils-- have sola thicker than 60 inches and are Paleudults
Craven soils-- have more than 30 percent silt in the particle size control section
Dothan soils-- have sola thicker than 60 inches and are Paleudults
Emporia soils-- have less clay in their control sections
Faceville soils-- have sola thicker than 60 inches and are Paleudults
Fuquay soils-- have sola thicker than 60 inches and are Paleudults
Goldsboro soils-- have sola thicker than 60 inches and are Paleudults
Kempsville soils-- have less clay in their control sections
Marlboro soils-- have sola thicker than 60 inches and are Paleudults
Norfolk soils-- have sola thicker than 60 inches and are Paleudults
Suffolk soils-- have less clay in their control sections
Varina soils-- have sola thicker than 60 inches and are Paleudults
Wagram soils-- have sola thicker than 60 inches and are Paleudults
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class (Agricultural): moderately well drained to well drained
Index Surface Runoff: low to very high
Internal Free Water Occurrence: moderately deep to deep, common
Permeability: moderately slow
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: mainly forest, rest cropland
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated-- Corn and soybeans are the principal row crops. Barley, oats, and wheat are the principal small grains. Where woodedmixed hardwoods.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Atlantic Coastal Plain and Fall Line Region in Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina
Extent: large
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Spotsylvania County, Virginia, 1980.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone between 0 and 9 inches (Oi and Ap horizons).
Argillic horizon - the zone between 9 and 45 inches (Bt horizon).
Aquic conditions--the soil has redox depletions and concentrations within 40 inches of the soil surface, with periodic saturation and reduction at some time during the year
Series control section--the zone from 0 to 60 inches
The soil horizon depths were modified on 10/2021 to ensure the description began at the soil surface.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data from pedons in Spotsylvania and Greensville Counties by the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Data Map Unit ID (type location): 00000
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation
MATTAPONI 0- 25 57- 65 155-190 40- 45 50- 700
FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness
NONE 3.0-6.0 PERCHED DEC-MAR 60-60
Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC-
0- 9 SL FSL 0- 0 85-100 5-18 4- 10
0- 9 L SIL 0- 0 85-100 10-27 8- 15
0- 9 CL SCL 0- 0 75-100 20-40 10- 20
0- 9 GR-SL GR-L GR-SIL 0- 20 35- 75 5-27 4- 10
0- 9 GR-SCL GR-CL GR-C 0- 20 35- 75 20-44 10- 20
9-45 CL SC C 0- 0 75-100 35-65 10- 20
45-69 VAR - - - -
Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll
0- 9 4.5- 5.5 .5-2. 0- 0 0.6- 6.0 LOW
0- 9 4.5- 5.5 .5-2. 0- 0 0.6- 6.0 LOW
0- 9 4.5- 5.5 .5-2. 0- 0 0.2- 2.0 MODERATE
0- 9 4.5- 5.5 1.-3. 0- 0 2.0- 6.0 LOW
0- 9 4.5- 5.5 .5-1. 0- 0 0.2- 2.0 MODERATE
9-45 4.5- 5.5 0.-.5 0- 0 0.2- 0.6 MODERATE
45-69 - - - 0.01- 20
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.