LOCATION TILSIT KY+IN OH PA TN WV
Established Series
SLH/Rev. MDJ
09/2015
TILSIT SERIES
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Fragiudults
TYPICAL PEDON: Tilsit silt loam--on a smooth, slightly concave 3 percent ridge top slope in second growth woods. (Colors are for moist soil.)
Oi--0 to 1 cm (0 to 0.5 inch); leaves and pine needles.
Oe--1 to 2 cm (0.5 to 1 inch); partially decomposed leaves and pine needles.
Ap--2 to 13 cm (1 to 5 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam; weak fine and medium granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (10 to 20 cm (4 to 8 inches) thick)
BA--13 to 23 cm (5 to 9 inches); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silt loam; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 18 cm (0 to 7 inches) thick)
Bt1--23 to 48 cm (9 to 19 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular and angular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots, pores, and cavities; few faint clay films on faces of most peds and cavities; 1 percent siltstone channers; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (20 to 41 cm (8 to 16 inches) thick)
Bt2--48 to 61 cm (19 to 24 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots, pores, and cavities; few faint clay films on faces of most peds and in cavities; common medium distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) iron concentrations; 1 percent siltstone channers; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 18 cm (0 to 7 inches) thick)
Btx1--61 to 112 cm (24 to 44 inches); light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) silty clay loam; moderate very thick platy structure parting to weak medium angular blocky; very firm; few small pores and cavities; few fine distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) clay films on faces of peds and along prism faces; few vertical seams filled with silt loam; many medium and coarse prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions and strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) iron concentrations; 2 percent siltstone channers; brittle in 60 percent of the mass; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (30 to 76 cm (12 to 30 inches) thick)
Btx2--112 to 142 cm (44 to 56 inches); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay loam; weak very thick platy structure parting to weak medium angular blocky; firm; few fine distinct gray (2.5Y 6/1) clay films on faces of peds; many medium prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) iron concentrations; 5 percent siltstone channers; brittle in 70 percent of the mass; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 51 cm (0 to 20 inches) thick)
C--142 to 165 cm (56 to 65 inches); 34 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), 33 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), and 33 percent olive gray (5Y 5/2) very channery silt loam; massive; firm; 40 percent siltstone channers and a few soft shale channers; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (13 to 51 cm (5 to 20 inches) thick)
R--165 cm (65 inches); hard siltstone.
TYPE LOCATION:
County: Rowan
State: Kentucky
USGS Quadrangle: Farmers, Kentucky
Latitude (Decimal Degrees, NAD 83): 38.2146417 N
Longitude (Decimal Degrees, NAD 83): -83.5623306 W
Directions to the pedon: 50 yards west of Kentucky Highway 801 at a point 1 1/4 miles south of the junction of Kentucky Highways 801 and 158; about 8 miles northwest of Morehead near the Fleming County line.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the top of the Argillic: 18 to 38 cm (7 to 15 inches)
Depth to the base of the Argillic: 79 to 185 cm (31 to 73 inches)
Solum Thickness: 79 to 185 cm (31 to 73 inches)
Depth to Bedrock: 102 to 305 cm (40 to 120 inches)
Depth Class: Deep or very deep
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 46 to 81 cm (18 to 32 inches), November to June
Rock Fragment Content: 0 to 10 percent, by volume, in the upper solum, 0 to 40 percent, by volume, in the lower solum, and 0 to 50 percent, by volume, in the substratum
Soil Reaction: Very strongly acid and strongly acid, except where limed
Depth to the Fragipan: 45 to 86 cm (18 to 34 inches)
Fine-Earth Fraction: Averages 18 to 35 percent clay and less than 15 percent sand in the particle size control section
Range of Individual Horizons:
A or Ap horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5Y or 10YR, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 2 through 4
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--silt loam or loam
BA or E horizon (if they occur):
Color--hue of 2.5Y or 10YR, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 2 through 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--silt loam or loam
Bt horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5Y through 7.5YR, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 4 through 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam
Redoximorphic features--iron masses in shades of brown in the upper part and iron masses and depletions in shades of gray or brown in the lower part
Btx horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5Y through 7.5YR, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 2 through 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam
Redoximorphic features--iron masses and depletions are in shades of gray, brown, olive, or yellow
BC horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 2.5Y through 7.5YR, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 2 through 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam
Redoximorphic features--iron masses and depletions are in shades of gray, brown, olive, or yellow
C horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5Y through 7.5YR, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 2 through 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--silt loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, or silty clay
COMPETING SERIES:
Butlertown soils--have a fragipan less than 20 inches thick, and are formed in coastal plain silts and very fine sands
Clapham soils--have formed in old alluvium on high river terraces
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Hills
Landform: Ridge
MLRA(s): 111A, 114A, 114B, 120A, 120B, 120C, 122, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 139, 147
Geomorphic Component: Interfluve
Hillslope Profile Position: Summit or shoulder
Parent Material: Silty residuum from interbedded acid siltstone, soft shale, or fine grained sandstone
Slope: 0 to 15 percent
Frost-free period: 127 to 225 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 9 to 16 degrees C. (49 to 61 degrees F.)
Mean Annual Precipitation: 914 to 1422 millimeters (36 to 56 inches)
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Clymer soils--occur on level to very steep residual uplands weathered primarily from sandstone but includes some materials from shale and siltstone
Colyer soils--occur on sloping to very steep uplands that consist of clayey residuum of weathered, black, highly fissile, bituminous shale
Coolville soils--occur mainly on level to strongly sloping ridges and benches that have collected a thin loess mantle over the underlying clayey residuum weathered mainly from acid shale
Gilpin soils--occur on level to very steep uplands that consist of interbedded gray and brown acid siltstone, shale, and sandstone residuum
Latham soils--occur on level to steep residual uplands weathered from soft acid shale; in some areas strata of more resistant bedrock, such as siltstone, are included with the shale
Mullins soils--occur on level old alluvial stream terraces and residual broad ridgetops formed from siltstone, sandstone, and shale
Rarden soils--occur on gently sloping to very steep residual uplands weathered from acid clay shale with interbedded siltstone in some areas
Shelocta soils--occur on steep concave side slopes, foot slopes, and benches in mixed colluvium from shale, siltstone, and sandstone or colluvium and residuum
Trappist soils--occur on gently sloping to very steep residual uplands weathered from acid shale
Upshur soils--occur on level to very steep residual uplands weathered from calcareous red clayey shale or mudstone and interbedded with thin layers of siltstone in some areas
Wellston soils--occur on level to very steep residual uplands with silty loess over sandstone, siltstone, or shale
Wernock soils--occur on gently sloping to steep residuum from acid siltstone, shale, and sandstone
Wharton soils--occur on level to very steep residual uplands with interbedded clay shale, siltstone, and fine-grained sandstone
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Moderately well drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Very thin (10-30 cm), shallow (25-50 cm), and persistent (present 6-12 months)
Index Surface Runoff: Negligible to medium
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: Moderately high to high above the fragipan and very low to low in the fragipan
Permeability Class (obsolete): Moderate above the fragipan and slow or very slow in the fragipan
Shrink-swell Potential: Low
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--Corn, soybeans, wheat, tobacco, and truck crops.
. Where wooded--Oak, hickory, Virginia pine, maple, gum, poplar, dogwood, beech, ironwood, persimmon, and sassafras.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Kentucky, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and West Virginia
Extent: Large, about 2.8 million acres at the time of this revision
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: MORGANTOWN, WEST VIRGINIA
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Cape Girardeau County, Missouri, 1910.
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 2 to 23 cm (1 to 9 inches) (Ap and BA horizons)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 23 to 142 cm (9 to 56 inches) (Bt and Btx horizons)
Aquic conditions--the soil has redox depletions and concentrations within the upper 61 cm (24 inches) of the argillic horizon, with periodic saturation and reduction at some time during the year
Fragipan--61 to 142 cm (24 to 56 inches) (Btx horizon)
Lithic contact--165 cm (65 inches) (R horizon)
Series control section--the zone from 0 to 150 cm (0 to 59 inches)
This edit updates the 02/2010 revision by JHN-JMR-JCJ
________________________________________
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.