LOCATION TURBEVILLE NC+SC VAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kandiudults
TYPICAL PEDON: Turbeville fine sandy loam - forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 9 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/3) fine sandy loam; weak medium granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
BE--9 to 12 inches; mottled strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and yellowish red (5YR 4/6) sandy clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly sticky, nonplastic; common fine roots; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
Bt1--12 to 17 inches; red (2.5YR 4/8) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly sticky, nonplastic; common fine roots; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--17 to 24 inches: red (2.5YR 4/8) clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable, moderately sticky, slightly plastic; few fine roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt3--24 to 44 inches; red (2.5YR 4/8) clay; few medium distinct brown (7.5YR 5/4) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; very sticky, moderately plastic; few fine roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt4--44 to 59 inches, dark red (10R 3/6) clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; very sticky, moderately plastic; few fine roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt5--59 to 86 inches, dark red (10R 3/6) clay; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon ranges from 50 to 80 inches.)
TYPE LOCATION: Halifax County, North Carolina; about 2 miles south of Weldon on U.S. Highway 301, 0.2 mile east of Highway 301 on a farm path, 100 feet south of the farm path, in a field.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 60 to 80 inches or more. Rock fragments ranges from 0 to 35 percent in the control section. They consist of rounded quartz, gneiss, or schist gravel or cobblestones. The soil is very strongly acid or moderately acid unless limed.
The Ap horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. Texture in the fine earth fraction is loamy sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, and silt loam. In severely eroded areas, it is clay loam or sandy clay loam.
The E horizon, where present, has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 5 to 7 and chroma of 4 to 8. Texture in the fine earth fraction is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam.
The BE horizon has hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8. Texture in the fine earth fraction is fine sandy loam, loam , sandy clay loam, or clay loam.
The Bt horizon has hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8 in the upper part. The lower part of the Bt horizon may have hue of 10R to 5YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 4 to 8. Texture in the fine earth fraction is clay loam, sandy clay, or clay.
The BC horizon, where present, has hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8. Texture in the fine earth fraction is sandy clay loam, clay loam, or sandy clay.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Esto and Faceville soils. The Caroline, Collegedale, Marlboro, and Shubuta series are in related families. Esto, Faceville, and Marlboro soils formed from clayey marine sediments and occur on uplands of the Coastal Plain. Caroline and Shubuta soils do not have lower Bt horizons with rhodic colors, have mixed mineralogy, formed from clayey marine sediments, and occur on uplands of the Coastal Plain. Collegedale soils are underlain by limestone residuum.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils are on nearly level to steep slopes on high terraces bordering major streams in the Piedmont and upper Atlantic Coastal Plain. Slope gradients are commonly from 0 to 10 percent with a range of 0 to 35 percent. These soils developed in old alluvium derived mainly from land surfaces underlain by acid igneous and metamorphic rocks of the Piedmont Plateau. The mean annual temperature ranges from 57 to 64 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation is about 36 to 50 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Cecil, Hiwassee, and Madison soils. Cecil and Madison soils developed from residuum, have a clay decrease before 60 inches, and occur on Piedmont uplands and side slopes. Hiwassee soils have a rhodic subsoil and have a clay decrease before 60 inches.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow to rapid runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of this soil is cleared and used for cultivated crops and pasture. Native vegetation consists of oaks, dogwood, maple, with some loblolly, shortleaf, and Virginia pines.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Piedmont Plateau and portions of the upper Coastal Plain of Virginia and North Carolina. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Carroll County, Virginia, 1965.
REMARKS: In older surveys these soils were correlated as Wickham, high terrace phase, and in more recent surveys as Hiwassee, light colored variant. The April, 2003 version moves the type location from Campbell County, Virginia to Halifax County, North Carolina. The former type location is located in the mesic part of MLRA 136.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric Epipedon - the zone between 0 and 9 inches (Ap horizon).
Kandic horizon - the zone between 9 and 80 inches (Bt horizon).
Palic- clay does not decrease 20 percent before 60 inches.
MLRA(s): 136, 133A
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory Data: Pedon sample number S86NC-083-001-(1-8). Full characterization performed by the National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE.
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation VA0039 TURBEVILLE 0-35 57-64 190-210 36-44 200-900 VA0189 TURBEVILLE 0-35 57-64 190-210 36-44 200-900 VA0218 TURBEVILLE 0-35 57-64 190-210 36-44 200-900SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness VA0039 NONE 6.0-6.0 - 60-60 VA0189 NONE 6.0-6.0 - 60-60 VA0218 NONE 6.0-6.0 - 60-60
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- VA0039 0-9 SL FSL LS 0-2 75-100 3-18 - VA0039 0-9 L SIL 0-2 75-100 15-25 - VA0039 0-9 CL SCL 0-2 75-100 30-40 - VA0039 9-12 L CL SCL 0-2 75-100 25-40 - VA0039 12-86 C SC CL 0-5 75-100 30-60 -
VA0189 0-9 GR-SL GR-FSL 0-5 50-75 8-18 - VA0189 0-9 GR-L GR-SIL 0-5 50-75 15-25 - VA0189 0-9 GR-CL GR-SCL 0-5 50-75 30-40 - VA0189 9-12 L CL GR-SCL 0-2 50-95 25-40 - VA0189 12-86 CL SC GR-C 0-5 50-95 30-60 -
VA0218 0-9 CB-SL CB-FSL 15-30 75-90 8-18 - VA0218 0-9 CB-L CB-SIL 15-30 75-90 15-25 - VA0218 0-9 CB-CL CB-SCL 15-30 75-90 30-40 - VA0218 9-12 L CL CB-SCL 15-30 50-100 25-40 - VA0218 12-86 CL SC CB-C 15-30 50-100 30-60 -
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll VA0039 0-9 4.5-5.5 .5-2. 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW VA0039 0-9 4.5-5.5 .5-2. 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW VA0039 0-9 4.5-5.5 .5-1. 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW VA0039 9-12 4.5-5.5 .5-1. 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW VA0039 12-86 4.5-5.5 0.-.5 0-0 0.6-2.0 MODERATE
VA0189 0-9 4.5-5.5 .5-2. 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW VA0189 0-9 4.5-5.5 .5-2. 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW VA0189 0-9 4.5-5.5 .5-1. 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW VA0189 9-12 4.5-5.5 0.-.5 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW VA0189 12-86 4.5-5.5 0.-.5 0-0 0.6-2.0 MODERATE
VA0218 0-9 4.5-5.5 .5-2. 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW VA0218 0-9 4.5-5.5 .5-2. 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW VA0218 0-9 4.5-5.5 .5-1. 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW VA0218 9-12 4.5-5.5 0.-.5 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW VA0218 12-86 4.5-5.5 0.-.5 0-0 0.6-2.0 MODERATE