LOCATION UNEEDA KS+OK

Tentative Series
SLM-CPH
03/2017

UNEEDA SERIES

The Uneeda series consists of very deep, poorly drained, very slowly permeable soils that formed in clayey lacustrine sediments of Holocene age over sandy and loamy eolian deposits of late Pleistocene age. These soils occur on concave dune slack depressions of dune fields of the Southern High Plains, Northern Part (MLRA 77A). Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 457 mm (18 in), and mean annual air temperature is about 13 degrees C (55 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, mesic Vertic Argiaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Uneeda sandy clay loam--on a concave 0.5 percent slope in rangeland at an elevation of about 814 m (2670 ft).
(Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)

Ap--0 to 17 cm (0 to 7 in); 50 percent dark brown (10YR 3/3) and 50 percent weak red (2.5YR 4/2) sandy clay loam, 50 percent brown (10YR 5/3) and 50 percent weak red (2.5YR 5/2), dry; strong coarse subangular blocky parting to strong medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; many fine, many medium, and few coarse roots throughout; 2.5 cm (1 in) wide, vertical, transient, cracks that extend to the horizon below; common medium distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4), moist iron-manganese masses; noneffervescent; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (Thickness of the Ap or A horizon is 13 to 30 cm [5 to 12 in])

Btg--17 to 46 cm (7 to 18 in); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), dry; strong coarse wedge parting to strong medium angular blocky structure; extremely hard, extremely firm, very sticky, very plastic; common fine and few medium roots in cracks; 2.5 cm (1 in) wide, vertical, transient, cracks that extend to the horizons above and below; few distinct pressure faces on top faces of peds; common prominent clay films on all faces of peds; many prominent sand coats on vertical faces of peds; few fine faint brown (7.5YR 4/4), moist iron-manganese masses; few medium distinct ferriargillans on vertical faces of peds; noneffervescent; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (Thickness is 29 to 77 cm [12 to 31 in])

Bt--46 to 72 cm (18 to 28 in); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), dry; strong coarse angular blocky parting to strong medium angular blocky structure; extremely hard, extremely firm, very sticky, very plastic; common fine roots throughout; 1 cm (0.4 in) wide, vertical, transient, cracks that extend to the horizon above; common prominent sand coats on vertical faces of peds; many prominent clay films on all faces of peds; few fine faint spherical black (10YR 2/1), moist manganese masses; few fine faint threadlike brown (7.5YR 4/4), moist iron-manganese masses; noneffervescent; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Btk1--72 to 94 cm (28 to 37 in); brown (10YR 4/3) clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3), dry; moderate medium angular blocky structure; moderately hard, firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few fine roots throughout; few distinct carbonate coats on surfaces along pores; common prominent clay films on vertical faces of peds; few fine distinct spherical strongly cemented black (10YR 2/1), moist iron-manganese nodules; few fine distinct ferriargillans with clear boundaries on surfaces along pores; few fine faint threadlike brown (7.5YR 4/4), moist iron-manganese masses; few fine and few medium distinct moderately cemented carbonate nodules; very slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

Btk2--94 to 140 cm (37 to 55 in); brown (10YR 4/3) clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3), dry; moderate medium prismatic parting to strong medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few fine roots throughout; common distinct clay films on vertical faces of peds; few prominent carbonate coats on vertical faces of peds; common fine faint spherical black (10YR 2/1), moist manganese masses; common medium distinct ferriargillans on surfaces along pores; few medium distinct moderately cemented carbonate nodules on surfaces along pores; very slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

Btk3--140 to 186 cm (55 to 73 in); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), dry; weak coarse prismatic parting to strong coarse subangular blocky structure; moderately hard, firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; very few fine roots throughout; common distinct clay films on vertical faces of peds; common prominent carbonate coats on vertical faces of peds; common fine faint spherical moderately cemented black (10YR 2/1), moist iron-manganese nodules; common fine distinct threadlike carbonate masses; very slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt and Btk horizons is 27 to 124 cm [11 to 49 in])

Btb--186 to 215 cm (73 to 85 in); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) sandy clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), dry; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; very few fine roots throughout; common prominent clay films on vertical faces of peds; very slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION:
Meade County, Kansas; from the intersection on Highway 54 and County Road 5 on the east side of Plains, about 11.5 miles south on county Road 5 to the intersection with County Road Aa; then 4050 ft (1234 m) east and 1350 ft (411 m) south of the northwest corner of section 15, Township 34S, Range 30W (Sixth Principal Meridian).

USGS topographic quadrangle: Kismet SE, Kansas
Latitude: 37 degrees, 5 minutes, 36.64 seconds N
Longitude: 100 degrees, 33 minutes, 56.88 seconds W
Datum: WGS84

Decimal Degrees
Latitude: 37.0932093
Longitude: -100.5658007

UTM Easting: 360847 m
UTM Northing: 4106393 m
Datum: UTM Zone 14S

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: This soil has an Aquic soil moisture regime due to ponding and episaturation. The regime of the general area where this soil occurs is an ustic moisture regime bordering on aridic.
Mean annual soil temperature: 12.8 to 15.0 degrees C (55 to 59 degrees F)
Depth to argillic horizon: 13 to 30 cm (5 to 12 in)
Depth to identifiable secondary carbonate: 62 to 123 cm (24 to 48 in)
Depth to redox concentrations: 0 to 62 cm (0 to 24 in)
Depth of episaturation: 0 to 203 cm (0 to 80 in)
Thickness of mollic epipedon: 30 to 72 cm (12 to 28 in)
Thickness of argillic horizon: 40 to 109 cm (16 to 43 in)
Vertic features: 0 to 123 cm (0 to 48 in); seasonal cracks greater than 5mm (0.2 in) wide extend through one or more horizons more than 30 cm (12 in); also a layer greater than 15 cm thick with wedge-shaped peds and/or slickensides

Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Section range: upper 50 cm (20 in) of the argillic horizon
Total clay content: 35 to 55 percent
Silicate clay content: 35 to 55 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 1 percent
Sand content: 15 to 60 percent
Rock fragments: none
CEC(cmol+/kg)/silicate clay ratio: greater than 0.6

Ap and A horizons:
Hue: 2.5YR to 10YR
Value: 2 to 3, 3 to 5 dry
Chroma: 2 or 3 moist or dry
Texture: sandy clay loam
Total clay content: 22 to 35 percent
Silicate clay content: 22 to 35 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 percent
Sand content: 50 to 65 percent
Redox features: few to common, fine to medium, faint to distinct, irregular or spherical, black, iron-manganese masses
Rock fragments: none
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 percent
Effervescence: none
Reaction (pH): neutral or slightly alkaline (6.6-7.8)

Btg horizons:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5, 4 to 6 dry
Chroma: 1 or 2 moist or dry
Texture: clay loam, sandy clay, or clay
Total clay content: 38 to 60 percent
Silicate clay content: 38 to 60 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 percent
Sand content: 20 to 60 percent
Redox features: few to common, fine to medium, faint to prominent, irregular or spherical, black, iron-manganese masses
Rock fragments: none
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 percent
Effervescence: none
Reaction (pH): neutral or slightly alkaline (6.6-7.8)

Bt, Btk horizons (and Btb or Btkb horizons where present):
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4, 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 3 to 6 moist or dry
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam, sandy clay, or clay
Total clay content: 22 to 50 percent
Silicate clay content: 22 to 50 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 2 percent
Sand content: 20 to 60 percent
Redox features: few to common, fine to medium, faint to prominent, irregular or spherical, black, iron-manganese masses; few to common, fine to medium, faint to prominent, irregular, manganese coatings and ferriargillans, on surfaces along root channels and/or pores, or in the soil matrix
Rock fragments: none
Identifiable secondary carbonates: few to common, fine to medium, carbonate masses and nodules
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction (pH): neutral or slightly alkaline (6.6-7.8)

Bw, Bk, Bwb, and Bkb horizons (where present):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5, and 4 to 6 dry
Chroma: 2 to 6 moist or dry
Texture: loamy sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy clay loam, loam, clay loam
Total clay content: 10 to 33 percent
Silicate clay content: 10 to 33 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 3 percent
Sand content: 25 to 85 percent
Redox features: few, fine, faint to distinct, irregular or spherical, black, iron-manganese masses;
Rock fragments: none
Identifiable secondary carbonates: none to common, fine, carbonate masses
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction (pH): neutral to slightly alkaline (6.6-7.8)

COMPETING SERIES:
These are the Conser(OR), Konert(WA), Lakaskia(IL), Reed(WA), and Rowe(IL) series in the same family. Similar soils are the Carbika(KS) and Carwile(OK) series.
Conser, Konert, and Reed soils: have cooler mean annual soil temperatures ranging from 8 to 13 degrees C (47 to 55 degrees F).
Lakaskia soils: were formed in depressions of glacial lacustrine terraces, glacial lake plains, or till plains of Wisconsin age, and have up to 10 percent rock fragments in the upper parts of the particle-size control section
Carbika soils: formed in loamy eolian sediments over alluvium, occur on paleo-terraces in river valleys, and have smectitic mineralogy
Carwile soils: formed in loamy alluvium or eolian sediments; occur on stream terraces on alluvial plains, have a warmer thermic soil temperature regime, and do not have vertic features

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: clayey lacustrine deposits over sandy and/or loamy eolian deposits
Landscape: tableland
Landform: dune slack of dune field
Slope: 0 to 1 percent
Precipitation pattern: Precipitation occurs mostly during the months of April through September with 75 percent of the yearly total. November through February are the driest months, with occasional snow and sleet storms that average about 15 inches total for the entire winter season.
Mean annual precipitation: 406 to 559 mm (16 to 22 in)
Thornthwaite annual P-E Index Values: 25 to 36
Mean annual air temperature: 11.7 to 13.9 degrees C (53 to 57 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 170 to 200 days
Elevation: 750 to 1250 m (2460 to 4100 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
These are the Belfon, Bigbow, Dalhart, Eva, Forgan, and Optima soils.
All of these soils occur on higher landform positions and do not have redox features in the profile.
Belfon soils: have a fine-loamy particle-size class, and have a fine or fine-silty discontinuity within 100 cm (40 in) of the soil surface
Bigbow soils: have an ochric epipedon, a fine-loamy particle-size class, and have a fine or fine silty discontinuity within 100 cm (40 in) of the soil surface
Dalhart soils: have an ochric epipedon, a fine-loamy particle-size class
Eva soils: have an ochric epipedon, and have a coarse-loamy particle-size class
Forgan soils: have a fine-loamy particle-size class
Optima soils: have an ochric epipedon, and a sandy particle size class

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class: poorly drained
Permeability: very slow
Runoff: negligible
Ponding: frequent to occasional frequency, brief to long duration, during the months of April to July in most years
Seasonal water table: Episaturation occurs between the soil surface and a depths up to 203 cm (80 in) during the months of April to July in most years

USE AND VEGETATION:
The major uses are livestock grazing and crop production. Native vegetation is wetland prairie grasses and sedges. Corn, grain sorghum, and wheat are the principal crops.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General location: Southwest Kansas and the Oklahoma panhandle
Land Resource Region (LRR): H-Central Great Plains Winter Wheat and Range Region
Major Land Resource Area (MLRA): 77A-Southern High Plains, Northern Part
Extent: small

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES PROPOSED: Meade County, Kansas, 2017. The name is taken from a frontier-era post office in southern Meade County.

REMARKS:
The series was established to designate a component name and quantitative interpretations for the hydric soil components within the sandy eolian landscapes of MLRA 77A in Meade and Seward Counties, Kansas.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle-size control section: 17 to 67 cm (7 to 27 in)
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 72 cm (0 to 28 in) (Ap, Btg, and Bt horizons)
Argillic horizon: 17 to 94 cm (7 to 37 in) (Btg, Bt, and Btk1 horizons)
Identifiable secondary carbonates: 72 to 186 cm (28 to 73 in) (Btk1, Btk2, and Btk3 horizons)
Aquic Conditions: 0 to 186 cm (0 to 73 in) (Ap, Btg, Bt, Btk1, Btk2, and Btk3 horizons)
Reduced Matrix: 17 to 46 cm (7 to 18 in) (Btg horizon)
Redox Concentrations: 0 to 186 cm (0 to 73 in) (Ap, Btg, Bt, Btk1, Btk2, and Btk3 horizons)
Vertic features: the presence of cracks from 0 to 72 cm (0 to 28 in) (A, Btg, and Bt horizons); and wedge-shaped peds from 17 to 46 cm (7 to 18 in)

Additional comments:
Most sites meet the qualifications of hydric soil under the criteria F6-Redox Dark Surface.

ADDITIONAL DATA: KSSL lab data available, S2016KS119001 (TL-Meade County, Kansas).

TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.