LOCATION WARNOCK AR+LA TXEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Typic Paleudults
TYPICAL PEDON: Warnock fine sandy loam--on a 2 percent slope in pine woodland, formerly cultivated. (Colors are moist for soil.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many medium and coarse roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 9 inches thick)
E--7 to 16 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; few fine and medium roots; very strongly acid, clear smooth boundary. (3 to 10 inches thick)
Bt1--16 to 28 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy clay loam, moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine and medium roots; 2 percent by volume quartz pebbles; extremely acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt2--28 to 34 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy clay loam; common fine and medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/8) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine and medium roots; 2 percent by volume quartz pebbles; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt3--34 to 42 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy clay loam; common medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), common medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/6), and few medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine and medium roots; 5 percent by volume quartz pebbles; firm and slightly brittle in about 10 to 15 percent of mass; about 3 percent plinthite; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon ranges from 20 to 45 inches.)
Btx--42 to 58 inches; mottled red (2.5YR 4/6), light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) sandy clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine and medium roots, 5 percent by volume quartz pebbles, slightly brittle in about 35 percent mass; about 4 percent plinthite; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)
Btgx--58 to 72 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) sandy clay loam; common medium and coarse prominent red (2.5YR 4/6), common medium prominent red (10R 4/6), few coarse prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6), and few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine and medium roots; 10 percent by volume quartz pebbles; slightly brittle in about 35 percent of mass; about 2 percent plinthite; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Columbia County, Arkansas; 2.2 miles southwest of Laughlin on paved county road, then 0.5 mile west on gravel road and 300 feet south in the SE1/4NW1/4NW1/4 sec. 25, T. 16 S., R. 20 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness exceeds 60 inches. Soil reaction ranges from strongly acid to extremely acid throughout, except for surfaces layers that have been limed. Fine rounded quartz pebbles range from one to about 10 percent by volume in all horizons. Base saturation at 50 inches below the top of the Bt horizon ranges from 10 to 30 percent.
The A or Ap horizons have hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2, 3, or 4. Texture is fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand.
The E horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2, 3, or 4. Texture is fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 4, 6, or 8. Mottles are in shades of red and brown. Texture is loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam. The silt plus very fine sand ranges from 20 to 60 percent.
The Btx horizon has hue of 2.5Y, value of 5, and chroma of 4 or 6; hue of 10YR, value of 5, and chroma of 4, 6, or 8; value of 6, and chroma of 6 or 8; hue of 7.5YR, value of 5, and chroma of 6 or 8 with mottles in shades of red, brown, or gray, or it is a mottled horizon in shades of red, brown, and gray. Texture is loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam. The silt plus very fine sand ranges from 20 to 60 percent. Brittleness ranges from about 10 to 35 percent of mass. Plinthite content of these horizons is less that 5 percent.
The Btgx horizon has hue of 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2; hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 or 2 with mottles in shades of brown and red, or it is mottled in shades of gray, brown, and red. Texture commonly is loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam, but ranges to silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay. Brittleness ranges from about 10 to 35 percent of mass. Plinthite content is less than 5 percent by volume.
COMPETING SERIES: These include Addielou, Allen, Avilla, Bama, Dubach, Etowah, Holston, Leesburg, Lytle, Minvale, Nella, Noboco, Norfork, Octavia, Pikeville, and Ruston series. Addielou soils have surface layers greater than 20 inches thick and pockets of clean sand and silt in the argillic horizon. Allen, Bama, Etowah, Lytle, Nella, Octavia, and Ruston soils have all or some part of the Bt horizon matrix in hue of 5YR or redder. In addition, Octavia soils have a lithologic discontinuity in the lower Bt horizon . Avilla, Holston, Leesburg, Minvale, and Pikeville soils have coarse fragments that exceed 10 percent in all or some part of the solum. Dubach, Noboco, and Norfolk soils do not have Btx horizons. In addition, Noboco soils have an apparent seasonal water table at 2.5 to 4.0 feet.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Warnock soils are on nearly level to gently sloping uplands of the Western Coastal Plain. Slopes range from 1 to 8 percent. The soil formed in marine sediments of the Tertiary aged Claiborne Group. The mean annual temperature ranges from about 62 to 66 degrees F., and the mean annual precipitation ranges from about 48 to 54 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Angie, Briley, Harleston, Rosalie, Ruston, Sacul, Sawyer and Smithdale series. Angie and Sacul soils have clayey control sections and gray mottles within 30 inches of the soil surface. Briley and Rosalie soils have loamy control sections and sandy surface layers 20 to 40 inches thick. Harleston soils have coarse-loamy control sections and gray mottles within 30 inches of the soil surface. Ruston soils have a bisequal profile. Sawyer soils have fine-silty control sections and gray mottles within 30 inches of the soil surface. Smithdale soils have a clay distribution such that the percentage of clay does decrease from its maximum amount by more than 20 percent within 60 inches of the soil surface.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; slow to medium runoff; moderate permeability. A perched seasonal water table occurs within 4 and 6 feet of the soil surface from December to April, most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of Warnock soils are used for woodland; mainly, loblolly and shortleaf pine. Cleared areas are used mostly for bermudagrass and bahiagrass pasture. Some cleared areas are used for soybeans and cotton.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Coastal Plain of Arkansas, Louisiana and Texas, and possibly the Southern Coastal Plain of Alabama and Mississippi. The series is of large extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Columbia County, Arkansas; 1983.
REMARKS: These soils were formerly included in the Norfolk series.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon-surface to a depth of 16 inches; A and E horizons.
Argillic horizon--zone from 16 to 72 inches; Bt horizons.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization of typical pedon by University of Arkansas Experiment Station, Fayetteville, Arkansas. Sample number S81-AR-027-1-(1-8).