LOCATION WYARD ND
Established Series
Rev. CJH
07/2014
WYARD SERIES
The Wyard series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained, moderately permeable soils formed in local alluvium from glacial till. These soils are in swales and depressions on glacial till plains and have slopes ranging from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual temperature is 39 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation is 18 inches.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Endoaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Wyard loam - on a north-facing concave slope of less than 1 percent in cropland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated. Where described, the soil was moist throughout.)
Ap--0 to 6 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak medium granular structure; hard, friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine roots; many worm casts; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
A1--6 to 10 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky and weak medium platy; hard, friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine roots; few clean sand grains on faces of peds; many worm casts; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
A2--10 to 20 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist, rubbed; few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist mottles; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and fine subangular blocky and moderate medium platy; hard, friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine roots; many fine pores; few gray (10YR 6/1) patches of clean sand and silt grains on faces of peds; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (Combined A horizons 8 to 24 inches thick)
Bw1--20 to 26 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist mottles; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and fine subangular blocky and weak medium platy; hard, friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few roots; many fine pores; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
Bw2--26 to 32 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) loam, olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) moist; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist mottles; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and fine angular blocky structure; hard, friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few roots; common fine pores; few small pebbles; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (Combined Bw horizons 6 to 18 inches thick)
Bk--32 to 42 inches; pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) loam, light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) moist; few medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) moist mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; hard, friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few pebbles; common masses of carbonates; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 15 inches thick)
C--42 to 60 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) loam, olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) moist; few medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) moist mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few pebbles; few small masses of carbonates; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Eddy County, North Dakota; about 3 miles south and 3 miles west of New Rockford; 1,000 feet north and 200 feet east of the southwest corner, Sec. 15, T. 148 N., R. 67 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to carbonates typically is 26 to 36 inches but ranges from 20 to 48 inches. The upper two-thirds of the series control section averages 18 to 27 percent clay. The mollic epipedon ranges from 16 to 24 inches in thickness.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5, 2 or 3 moist, and chroma of 1. It is loam or silt loam. It is neutral or slightly alkaline. The A horizon, below a depth of 10 inches, typically has faint or distinct mottles with chroma of 3 to 6 and few to many patches of clean silt and sand grains on the faces of peds.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y, value of 4 to 6, 2 to 4 moist, and chroma of 1 to 4. It typically is loam or silt loam, but some is clay loam in the lower part. It is neutral or slightly alkaline. Where the chroma is less than 2, redoximorphic concentrations are few.
The Bk horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 5 to 8, 4 to 6 moist, and chroma of 3 or 4. It is loam, silt loam or clay loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. It contains 10 to over 20 percent calcium carbonate. Some pedons have a BC or BCK horizon.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 5 to 7, 4 to 6 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It typically is loam, but some is sandy loam or clay loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. Some pedons contain small pockets of silt, silt loam, fine sand, and a few stones in the C horizon.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Bluffton,
Flom,
Larry,
Mahtowa and
Mann series as previously classified. These soils are poorly or very poorly drained. Bluffton soils are more moist in the soil moisture control section during the 120 days following he summer solstice. Flom soils average more than 27 percent clay in the upper 30 inches of the series control section. Larry, Mahtowa and Mann soils do not have Bk horizons.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Wyard soils are in level and nearly level, concave shallow swales and depressions on glacial till plains. Slope gradients range from 0 to 3 percent. The soils formed in local alluvium from glacial till and reworked till. The mean annual temperature ranges from 37 to 45 degrees F, and the mean annual precipitation from 15 to 20 inches, most of which falls in the spring and summer.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Barnes,
Emrick,
Fram,
Hamerly,
Hamlet,
Heimdal,
Svea and
Tonka soils. Typically, Wyard soils are in a toposequence with Emrick, Fram, Heimdal and Tonka soils. Emrick and Heimdal soils are on the higher parts of the landscape and Wyard soils are in shallow concave swales lying between the Heimdal, Emrick, Tonka and Fram soils. Emrick, Fram and Heimdal soils are coarse-loamy. Tonka soils are fine textured. In association with Barnes and Svea soils, Wyard soils are in the swales and in complex with Hamlet soils at elevations slightly higher than Tonka soils. Barnes, Hamlet and Svea soils do not have an aquic moisture regime. Hamerly soils are in similar positions as Wyard and have a calcic horizon within 16 inches of the surface.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Runoff is slow. Permeability is moderate. Water runs onto these soils from higher land during heavy rains or rapid melting of snow. The duration of ponding is typically brief. The soil has endosaturation with a seasonal high water table typically at depths of 1.5 to 2.5 feet at some time during the period of April through June.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils mainly are used to grow small grains and hay. Native vegetation is big bluestem, green needlegrass, western wheatgrass and a variety of forbs.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central North Dakota. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Eddy County, North Dakota, 1971.
REMARKS: Revised 2/94.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 20 inches (Ap, A1, and A2 horizons); characteristics associated with wetness - chroma of 1 and distinct mottles in the lower part of the mollic epipedon (A2 horizon); aquic moisture regime.
ADDITIONAL DATA: S65NDak-73-2 and S65NDak-73-3 sampled by North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station Soils Department.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.