LOCATION WESTMORELAND OH+KY MD PA VA WV
Established Series
RDJ-SLH/Rev. MDJ
06/2013
WESTMORELAND SERIES
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Ultic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Westmoreland silt loam on a 22 percent slope; forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise indicated.)
A--0 to 8 centimeters (0 to 3 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; 5 percent siltstone fragments; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 22 cm (1 to 9 inches) thick)
E--8 to 15 centimeters (3 to 6 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; 5 percent siltstone fragments; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 10 cm (2 to 4 inches) thick)
BE--15 to 28 centimeters (6 to 11 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine and common medium roots; 5 percent siltstone fragments; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (5 to 15 cm (2 to 6 inches) thick)
Bt1--28 to 51 centimeters (11 to 20 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) channery silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common medium roots; common faint brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on ped faces; 20 percent siltstone fragments; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt2--51 to 81 centimeters (20 to 32 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) channery silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common distinct light brown (7.5YR 6/4) clay films on ped faces; 25 percent siltstone fragments; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 39 to 83 cm. (15 to 33 inches))
BC--81 to 97 centimeters (32 to 38 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) very parachannery silty clay loam; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure parting to moderate thin platy; very firm; few distinct light brown (7.5YR 6/4) clay films; 50 percent soft siltstone fragments; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (8 to 38 cm (3 to 15 inches) thick)
C--97 to 112 centimeters (38 to 44 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) very parachannery silt loam; structureless, massive; very firm; 50 percent soft siltstone fragments; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (11 to 78 cm (4 to 31 inches) thick)
Cr--112 to 127 centimeters (44 to 50 inches); rippable, fractured siltstone bedrock; low excavation difficulty; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
R--127 centimeters (50 inches); siltstone bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION:
County: Muskingum
State: Ohio
USGS Quadrangle: Zanesville West, Ohio
Latitude (Decimal Degrees, NAD83): 39.962 N
Longitude (Decimal Degrees, NAD83): -82.118567 W
Directions: Hopewell Township, about 700 feet north and 1200 feet east of the southwest corner, section 20, T. 1 N., R. 9 W
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the top of the Argillic: 15 to 33 cm (6 to 13 inches)
Depth to the base of the Argillic: 61 to 99 cm (24 to 39 inches)
Solum Thickness: 51 to 137 cm (20 to 54 inches)
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 102 cm (40 inches)
Depth Class: Deep and very deep
Rock Fragment: 2 to 30 percent, by volume, in the Ap, E, BA and Bt horizons; 5 to 70 percent, by volume, in the BC horizon; 15 to 90 percent, by volume, in the C horizon
Soil Reaction: Very strongly acid through moderately acid in the solum, except where limed; strongly or moderately acid in the C horizon
Range of Individual Horizons:
Ap or A horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 2 or 3
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--Silt loam, loam, or silty clay loam
E horizon (if present):
Color--hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 through 4
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--Loam, silty clay loam, silt loam, or clay loam
BA or BE horizon (if present):
Color--hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 through 6
Texture (fine earth fraction)--Loam, silty clay loam, silt loam, or clay loam
Bt horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 through 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--Loam, silty clay loam, silt loam, or clay loam
BC horizon (if present):
Color--hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 through 8
Texture (fine earth fraction)--Loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam
C horizon:
Color-- hue of 7.5YR through 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 through 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--Loam, silty clay loam, silt loam, or clay loam
COMPETING SERIES:
Alanthus soils--have a solum that can extend below 102 cm, and have rock fragments dominated by metabasalt and schist
Athol soils--have a solum thickness of 102 to 152 cm or more
Burkittsville soils--have a solum thickness of 102 to 204 cm
Cateache soils--have bedrock between 51 and 102 cm
Culleoka soils--have bedrock between 51 and 102 cm
Door soils--have an umbric epipedon, and have a solum 102 cm or more thick
Duffield soils--have a solum more than 102 cm thick
Dumfries soils--formed in feldspathic sandy sediments of the Coastal Plain
Ebbing soils--have a solum thickness of 102 to 152 cm or more
Frondorf soils--have bedrock between 51 and 102 cm
Grayford soils--have a solum thickness of 102 to 152 cm or more
Hayter soils--have a solum thickness of 102 to 152 cm or more
Kell soils--have a paralithic contact between 51 and 102 cm
Lamotte soils--have a solum more than 102 cm thick, and allow hues redder than 7.5YR in the argillic horizon and substratum
Legore soils--have rock fragments dominated by diabase or diorite
Loudonville soils--have bedrock between 51 and 102 cm
Manassas soils--have a solum that can extend below 102 cm, and have a hue of 5YR or redder in the argillic horizon
Mechanicsburg soils--have a lithologic discontinuity between 51 and 102 cm, and the solum depth may extend to 152 cm
Middleburg soils--have a solum thickness of 102 to 152 cm or more
Morrison soils--have a solum thickness of 102 cm or more
Myersville soils--have rock fragments dominated by greenstone schist
Oatlands soils--have bedrock between 51 and 102 cm
Panorama soils--have a solum that can extend below 102 cm, and have a hue of 5YR or redder in the argillic horizon and substratum
Sowego soils--allow hues redder than 7.5YR in the argillic horizon and substratum
Spriggs soils--have a paralithic contact between 51 and 102 cm
Sudley soils--have a solum that may extend below 102 cm, and allow hues redder than 7.5YR in the solum
Wheeling soils--have a solum thickness of 102 cm or more
Williamsburg soils--have a solum more than 102 cm thick
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
MLRA(s) using this series: 124, 125, 126, 127
Landscape: Hills
Landform: Hill and hillslope
Hillslope Profile Position: Summit, shoulder, and backslope
Geomorphic Component: Interfluve, side slope, nose slope, and head slope
Parent Material Origin: Weathered, interbedded siltstone, sandstone, and limestone
Parent Material Kind: Residuum
Slope: 0 to 70 percent
Elevation: 247 to 457 meters
Frost free period: 140 to 180 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 8 to 14 degrees C. (47 to 58 degrees F.)
Mean Annual Precipitation: 890 to 1295 mm (35 to 51 inches)
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Culleoka soils--occur on steep hillsides and narrow ridge crests where bedrock is moderately deep
Gilpin soils--occur on similar landform positions where bedrock is moderately deep
Brooke soils--occur on ridges, saddles, and rounded knolls where limestone bedrock is moderately deep
Clarksburg soils--occur on concave slopes of 25 percent or less on colluvial landform positions that are slightly wetter
Dormont soils--occur on similar landform positions of 50 percent slope or less, that are prone to more wetness
Guernsey soils--occur on benches and side slopes in wetter landform positions
Library soils--occur on similar landform positions of 25 percent slope or less, where limestone or calcareous shale parent material dominates
Peabody soils--occur on similar landform positions where bedrock is moderately deep
Upshur soils--occur on similar landform positions where red clay shale parent materials dominate
Vandalia soils--occur on colluvial landform positions and have more clay in the subsoil and are very deep to bedrock
Vandergrift soils--occur on similar landform positions of 25 percent slope or less, where red and gray shale, siltstone, and limestone parent material dominates
Weikert soils--occur on similar landform positions where bedrock is shallow
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class (Agricultural): Well drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: None
Index Surface Runoff: Negligible to high
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: Moderately high or high in the solum and substratum, moderately low to high in the bedrock
Permeability Class (obsolete): Moderate
Shrink-Swell Class: Low
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Crops, woodland and pasture
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--mainly corn, soybeans, and small grains. Where wooded--chiefly mixed hardwoods, dominated by oak and maple.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Ohio, Kentucky, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia
Extent: Large, approximately 1,000,000 acres at the time of this revision
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: MORGANTOWN, WEST VIRGINIA
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Reconnaissance Soil Survey of southwestern Pennsylvania, 1909.
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 28 cm (A, E and BE horizons)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 28 to 81 cm (Bt horizon)
Series control section--the zone from 0 to 127 cm
This edit updates the previous format to semi-tabular using the March 22, 2013 template, and updates the Range in Individual Horizons, RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS, GEOGRAPHIC SETTING, GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS, and DRAINAGE AND SATURATED CONDUCTIVITY sections.
The previous revision (12/2012) changed the TYPE LOCATION because soil survey update activities in Jefferson County, Pennsylvania, (previous type location) did not include the series in correlation.
Previous revisions: 05/2004-DRS, ART, LER; 12/2012-DJB, SLH, MDJ
ADDITIONAL DATA:
The Ohio State University characterization data pedons are AT-16, AT-21, CA-32, CO-126CS-29, HO-029, JF1, JF-004, JF04, JF05, JF-7, MN-003, MN-016, MN-017, MN-024, MN-025, MN-026, MN-W12, MN-W16, MN-W18, Mo-002, Mo007, MS-22 Nb-w03, PR-011, TU-014 and PR-11.
The Pennsylvania State University characterization pedons are S62-PA-064-1, S62-PA-064-2, S65-PA-02-9, S66-PA-063-12, and S66-PA-063-11
The KSSL characterization data pedons are 58PA129001, 58PA129002, 65PA003009, 72PA125043.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.