LOCATION YEATON TX

Established Series
TAF-GLL-RM
07/2014

YEATON SERIES

The Yeaton series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils. These nearly level soils formed in loamy fluviomarine deposits of the Beaumont Formation. These soils have been leveled for rice irrigation. Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 20.5 degrees C (69 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is about 1397 mm (55 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, hyperthermic Oxyaquic Vertic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Yeaton loam in an area of Mocarey-Yeaton complex, 0 to 1 percent slopes- on a 0.2 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 20 cm, (0 to 8 in); dark gray (10YR 4/1) loam, weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; many fine, medium, and few coarse roots; few fine and medium pores; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (8 to 23 cm [3 to 23 in] thick)

E--20 to 33 cm, (8 to 13 in); dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; few fine roots; few fine pores; 2 percent fine black (10YR 2/1) iron manganese nodules; 3 percent fine and medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix; 1 fine distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries lining pores; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (10 to 26 cm [4 to 10 in] thick)

Bt1--33 to 56 cm, (13 to 22 in); olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) clay loam; moderate fine angular blocky structure; extremely hard, very firm; few fine roots; few fine pores; common pressure faces; common light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) and grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay films on faces of peds; 2 percent fine faint light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries lining pores; 2 percent fine and medium distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions with clear boundaries adjacent to redox concentrations; 2 percent fine and coarse calcium carbonate concretions; slight effervescence; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. (combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 24 to 74 cm [9 to 29 in])

Bt2--56 to 84 cm, (22 to 33 in); light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) clay loam; moderate medium angular blocky structure; extremely hard, very firm; few fine roots; few fine pores; common light brownish gray clay films on faces of some peds; few faint slickensides; 5 percent fine and medium distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions with clear boundaries adjacent to redox concentrations; 5 percent fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries lining pores; 2 percent fine and coarse calcium carbonate concretions; slight effervescence; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

Btk1--84 to 114 cm, (33 to 45 in); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loam; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; very hard, firm; few fine roots; few fine pores; common gray (2.5Y 5/1) clay films on faces of peds; 2 percent fine black (10YR 2/1) iron manganese nodules; 5 percent medium distinct brown (10YR 5/3) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix, 5 percent fine and medium prominent olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix; 3 percent fine prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) masses of oxidized iron with diffuse boundaries in matrix; about 5 percent calcium carbonate concretions; about 15 percent fine and medium carbonate concretions and 5 percent fine and medium masses of calcium carbonate; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (combined thickness of the Btk horizons is 26 to 91 cm [10 to 36 in])

Btk2--114 to 155 cm, (45 to 61 in); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loam; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; very hard, very firm; few fine roots; few fine pores; common gray (10YR 6/1) clay films on faces of peds; 2 percent fine black (10YR 2/1) iron manganese nodules; 10 percent coarse distinct brown (10YR 5/3) and 15 percent distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix; 15 percent medium and coarse prominent olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix; about 15 percent fine and medium calcium carbonate concretions and 5 percent fine and medium masses of calcium carbonate; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

Btkg--155 to 203 cm, (61 to 80 in); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt loam; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium angular blocky; very hard, very firm; few fine roots; few fine pores; 2 percent fine black (10YR 2/1) iron manganese nodules and soft masses; 8 percent medium and coarse prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix, 5 percent medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries in matrix; 10 percent fine and medium distinct light gray (10YR 7/1) iron depletions with clear boundaries adjacent to redox concentrations; 1 percent fine and medium distinct very pale brown (10YR 7/4) sand coats on vertical faces of peds ;about 8 percent fine and medium calcium carbonate concretions and 8 percent fine masses of calcium carbonate; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline.(27 to 67 cm [11 to 26 in] thick)

TYPE LOCATION: Liberty County, Texas; from the intersection of U.S. Highway 90 and Texas Highway 146 at Dayton, Texas; 5.5 miles south on Texas Highway 146; site is 300 feet west in field on a leveled mound. (Sheeks USGS topographic sheet; Latitude: 29 degrees 58 minutes 7.3 seconds N; Longitude: 94 degrees 54 minutes 29.9 seconds W; WGS84)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An udic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is moist in some or all parts for more than 275 days in normal years. The summer months are the driest, while fall through spring months are the wettest months.
Mean annual soil temperature: 21.7 to 22.2 degrees C (71 to 72 degrees F)
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 35 to 40 percent

Ap Horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: very fine sandy loam, silt loam or loam
Clay content: 6 to 25 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-0 to 2, location-lining pores, shades-brown
Electrical Conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 0 to 2
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

E Horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, silt loam or loam
Clay content: 6 to 25 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-2 to 8, location-lining pores, shades-brown
Redox depletions: amount-0 to 2 percent, location-adjacent to redox concentrations, shades-gray
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-0 to 2 percent, kind-nodules
Electrical Conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 2 to 8
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline

Bt Horizons
Hue: 7.5YR to 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 4 to 8
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 25 to 45 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-2 to 15 percent, location-lining pores and in matrix, shades-brown or yellow
Redox depletions: amount-2 to 8 percent, location-adjacent to redox concentrations, shades-gray
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-0 to 2 percent, kind-nodules
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-0 to 2 percent, kind-nodules
Electrical Conductivity (mmhos/cm): 2 to 4
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 2 to 10
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline

Btk Horizons
Hue: 10YR to 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 2 to 8
Texture: loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, or clay
Clay content: 20 to 45 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-5 to 20 percent, location-lining pores and in matrix, shades-brown, red or yellow
Redox depletions: amount-0 to 12 percent, location-adjacent to redox concentrations, shades-gray
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-0 to 2 percent, kind-nodules
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-2 to 20 percent, kind-nodules and masses
Electrical Conductivity (mmhos/cm): 2 to 4
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 2 to 10
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

Btkg Horizon
Hue: 10YR to 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam, loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
Clay content: 20 to 39 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-5 to 20 percent, location-lining pores and in matrix, shades-brown, red or yellow
Redox depletions: amount-5 to 15 percent, location-adjacent to redox concentrations, shades-gray
Iron-manganese concentrations: amount-0 to 2 percent, kind-nodules
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-2 to 20 percent, kind-nodules and masses
Electrical Conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 2
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 2 to 10
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are Levac (TX) and Telferner (TX) series in the same family. Similar soils are the Anahuac (TX), Orcadia (TX) Spindletop (TX), and the Viterbo (TX) series.
Levac soils: somewhat poorly drained
Telferner soils: have thicker combined A and E horizons; occur in areas of less rainfall
Anahuac and Orcadia soils: have a glossic horizon; thicker combined A and E horizons
Spindletop soils: have a mollic epipedon; have a thicker combined A and E horizons
Viterbo soils: have aquic conditions

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy fluviomarine sediments derived from the Beaumont Formation of Pleistocene age
Landscape: coastal plains
Landform: flats
Microfeature: leveled pimple mound
Slope: 0 to 1 percent
Mean annual air temperature range: 20.0 to 22.2 degrees C (68 to 72 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation range: 1219 to 1473 mm (48 to 58 in)
Precipitation Pattern: Rainfall is fairly uniform throughout the year with slight peaks in the fall and spring months.
Frost-free period: 270 to 300 days
Elevation: 3 to 30.5 m (10 to 100 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Aris (TX), Anahuac, Labelle (TX), Orcadia (TX), Meaton (TX) and the Spindletop series.
Aris soils: are gray throughout due to wetness; on flats
Anahuac and Orcadia soils: are on a broader landform
Labelle and Morey soils: somewhat poorly drained; on flats; mollic epipedon
Spindletop soils: pimple mounds

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: moderately well drained. Runoff is medium. Episaturation occurs 30 to 46 cm (12 to 18 in) from the surface and endosaturation occurs 150 to 203 cm (60 to 80 in) from the surface during the months of December to February in normal years.

USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for rice and soybean production. A few areas are in improved bahia and bermudagrass pastures.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeast Texas mainly west of the Trinity River; Land Resource Region T; MLRA 150A; the series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Liberty County, Texas; 1986. The name is coined.

REMARKS: The series was formerly included in the Bernard and Morey series. Classification was changed during the update of MLRA 150A. Soil moisture monitoring and field observations indicate these soils do not have aquic conditions for some time in normal years.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section: 33 to 83 cm (13 to 33 in) (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)

Ochric epipedon: 0 to 33 cm (0 to 13 in). (Ap and E horizons)
Argillic horizon: 33 to 203 cm (13 to 80 in). (Bt1, Bt2, Btk1, Btk2, and Btkg horizons)
Calcic horizon of more than 15 percent calcium carbonate equivalent: 84 to 203 cm (33 to 80 in). (Btk1, Btk2,and Btkg horizons)

Additional Comments: Linear extensibility is greater than 6 between the mineral soil surface and 100 cm.

ADDITIONAL DATA: TAMU data from the type location on pedon S83TX-291-03.

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.