LOCATION MATEWAN WV+KY PA VA
Established Series
JDM/ Rev. MDJ
09/2018
MATEWAN SERIES
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Matewan very channery sandy loam in a wooded area on a 70 percent linear slope. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Oe--0 to 1.5 cm (0 to 0.5 inches); very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moderately decomposed leaf litter; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--1.5 to 10 cm (0.5 to 4 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) very channery sandy loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate fine granular structure: very friable; many fine, medium, and coarse roots: 35 percent sandstone rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. 3 to 20 cm (1 to 8 inches) thick
BA--10 to 20 cm (4 to 8 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very channery sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine, medium, and coarse roots, 45 percent sandstone rock fragments; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary. 0 to 18 cm (0 to 7 inches) thick.
Bw--20 to 76 cm (8 to 30 inches); brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) extremely channery loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common medium and coarse roots; 60 percent sandstone rock fragments; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary. 15 to 53 cm (6 to 22 inches) thick
C--76 to 84 cm (30 to 33 inches); brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) extremely channery loam; massive; friable; few coarse roots; 75 percent sandstone rock fragments; extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary. 0 to 25cm (0 to 10 inches) thick
R--84cm (33 inches); hard sandstone bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION:
County: Mingo
State: West Virginia
USGS Quadrangle: Delbarton
Latitude (NAD 27): 37.710100 N
Longitude (NAD 27): 82.214303 W
Directions to the pedon: about 1.3 mile west of the confluence of Rockhouse Fork and Pigeon Creek, .26 mile north of the Buffalo Mountain Lookout tower, and .82 mile east-southeast of Hell's Knob.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the top of the Cambic: 10 to 18 cm (4 to 7 inches)
Depth to the base of the cambic: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 Inches)
Solum Thickness: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Depth to Bedrock: Less than 102 cm (40 inches)
Depth Class: Moderately Deep
Rock Fragment content: 5 to 50 percent, by volume, in the A horizon, 15 to 65 percent in the B horizon and 50 to 90 percent in the C horizon
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to moderately acid, except where limed
Other Soil Features: Weighted average rock fragment content ranges from 35 to 75 percent in the particle-size control section. Rock fragments consist of dominantly subangular or angular channers, but also include cobbles, flagstones and gravel. Dominant size range is 1 to 10 inches. Parafragments by occur in some pedons, but they are not dominant.
Range of Individual Horizons:
A or AB horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10YR, value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 1 to 4
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
B or BA horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam.
Other features--Average clay content typically is between 8 and 15 percent, but ranges to 18 percent in the particle-size control section.
BC or C horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 4 to 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, loamy sand, or fine sandy loam
Other features--Bedrock is gray to brown sandstone of varying harness and is commonly fractured without displacement. Some pedons have a Cr horizon between 20 and 40 inches, but lithic contact occurs within 40 inches in these pedons.
COMPETING SERIES:
Berks soils--have sola that contain less sand and formed in residuum weathered from shale
Blasdell soils--are very deep to bedrock and formed in water-sorted materials dominated by fragments from local shale bedrock
Brownstown soils--have sola that contain less sand and formed in residuum from siltstone
Brownsville soils--are deep to bedrock and formed in colluvium and residuum weathered from siltstone and very fine grained sandstone
Cadosia soils--are very deep to bedrock and formed in till and local colluvium derived from sandstone, siltstone, and shale
Calvin soils--formed in residuum weathered from red non-calcareous shale, siltstone, and sandstone
Highsplint soils--are deep and very deep to bedrock and formed in stony, loamy colluvium weathered from sandstone, siltstone, and shale
Jubin soils--are very deep to bedrock and formed in colluvium weathered from sandstone and siltstone
Judyville soils-are similar in most respects to Matewan soils, but are mapped over different bedrock plateaus and till plains in MLRAs 111D, 114B, and 115C
Keyesville soils-formed in loamy slope alluvium over sandy residuum underlain by both a lithologic discontinuity and paralithic contact between 51 and 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Lippitt soils-formed in acid till derived mainly from gneiss, schist, or granite
Manlius soils-have sola that contain less sand and formed in channery till overlying shale bedrock
Nailkeg soils-formed in colluvium and residuum weathered from schist or phyllite
Peaks soils-formed in residuum weathered from crystalline rocks, primarily granite, gneiss, and schist
Solon soils-formed in glacial till and colluvium weathered from sandstone, siltstone, and shale
Sylco soils-formed in residuum affected by soil creep in the upper part and weathered from metasedimentary rocks such as phyllite, slate, and metasandstone.
Warwick soils-are very deep to bedrock and formed in glaciofluvial deposits
Wyoming soils-are very deep to bedrock and formed in gravelly alluvium weathered from sandstone, siltstone, and shale
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
MLRA(s) using this series: 125, 126
Landscape: hills or mountains
Landform: hillslopes and ridges
Geomorphic Component: crests, uplands, or mountaintops
Hillslope Profile Position: summit or shoulder
Parent Material Origin: gray or brown acid sandstone, interbedded in places with shale and siltstone
Parent Material Kind: Residuum
Slope: 3 to 80 percent
Elevation: 183 to 918 meters (600 to 3,012 feet)
Frost-free period: 110 to 180 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 8.3 to 15 degrees C. (47 to 59 degrees F.)
Mean Annual Precipitation: 914 to 1524 millimeters (36 to 60 inches)
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Berks soils--have more clay in the subsoil and are on ridges with more shale
Blairton soils--have less rock fragments in the subsoil; and are on parts of ridges with more shale and siltstone; they also have argillic horizons with iron depletions in the upper part
Cloverlick soils--are deep and very deep to bedrock; have umbric surface layers, and are on mountain slopes with cool aspect
Fedscreek soils-are deep and very deep to bedrock; have less rock fragments in the subsoil, and are on mountain slopes with warm aspect
Gilpin soils-have less rock fragments and more clay in the subsoil; are on both ridges and sides slopes, and have argillic horizons
Guyandotte soils-are very deep to bedrock; have umbric surface layers, and are on mountain slopes with cool aspect
Handshoe soils-are very deep to bedrock and on mountain slopes with warm aspect
Highsplint soils--are deep and very deep to bedrock; have more clay in the subsoil; and are mostly on mountain slopes with warm aspect
Marrowbone soils-have less rock fragments in the subsoil
Pineville soils-are very deep to bedrock; have argillic horizons; and are on mountain slopes
Ramsey soils-are shallow to bedrock and have less fragments in the subsoil
Sharondale-are very deep to bedrock; have a mollic surface layer, and are on mountain slopes with cool aspect
Shelocta soils-are deep to bedrock; have argillic horizons with more clay; and are on both mountain slopes and hillslopes
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage Class (Agricultural): well to somewhat excessively
Index Surface Runoff: low or medium
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: High
Permeability Class (obsolete): moderately rapid or rapid
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Woodland
Dominant Vegetation: mixed hardwoods
Where cultivated--hay and pasture or small gardens. Where wooded--oaks, hickory, or maple
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Cumberland Plateau of southern West Virginia, eastern Kentucky and southwestern Virginia. Other areas may include the Allegheny Plateau and Central Allegheny Plateau regions of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and possibly Ohio.
Extent: Large
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, 2003.
REMARKS: Matewan soils were proposed to fill the gap left with the reclassification of Dekalb to siliceous mineralogy, based primarily on data from the Allegheny Plateau and other areas of Pennsylvania. A review of lab data for soils sampled as Dekalb in West Virginia and Kentucky indicates that 7 of 11 pedons sampled were mixed and three were siliceous, while one was marginal. Resistant minerals range from about 60 to 89 percent with 78 to 85 being typical. Illite, kaolinite, and vermiculite are common clay minerals. The CEC activity class ranges from semiactive to superactive (3 semiactive, 2 active, 2 superactive), with active being most representative. With the addition of data from five pedons sampled since 1998 (referenced below) the CEC activity class tallies are 4 semiactive, 4 active, and 4 superactive.
In West Virginia, the Matewan series is generally found in the Kanawha geologic formation and in younger formations above, while the Dekalb series (siliceous) is found in the older New River formation below (all of Pennsylvanian Age). The Matewan series was proposed in Mingo County, West Virginia, in 1999 as part of the soil survey of Logan and Mingo Counties, West Virginia.
The 01/2005 revision changes the status from tentative to established. Additionally, competing series were updated and other minor edits were completed.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
1. Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 8 inches (Oe, A and BA horizon).
2. Cambic horizon - the zone from 4 to 30 inches (BA and Bw horizons).
3. Lithic contact - hard sandstone bedrock at 33 inches (R horizon).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Data from characterization samples S86WV-059-003, S86WV-059-005, S81WV-109-006 and S83KY-195-015 were used to develop this series. Additional samples S98PA-129-001, S01WV-081-007, S02WV-019-006, S02WV-081-001, S02WV-081-002, and S02WV-081-005 are also available from the National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska.
Revised: 8/1999-RNP,DHK; 1/2005-DHK; 8/2014-JDM/MDJ
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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.