LOCATION ADAMSTOWN MD

Established Series
DRPV, AKF/ Rev. MDJ
03/2013

ADAMSTOWN SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Oxyaquic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Adamstown silt loam, 0 to 8 percent slopes, in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil).

Ap1--0 to 23 cm (0 to 9 inches); brown (10YR 4/3), silt loam; moderate fine granular structure; friable, non-sticky and non-plastic; many fine roots throughout; 2 percent subangular quartzite gravel; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Ap2--23 to 41 cm (9 to 16 inches); brown (10YR 4/3), silt loam; moderate coarse and very coarse subangular blocky structure; friable, non-sticky and non-plastic; common fine roots throughout; 3 percent quartzite, and limestone gravel; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. (9 to 20 inches combined thickness).

Bt1--41 to 56 cm (16 to 22 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm, non-sticky and slightly plastic; many fine roots throughout; few fine tubular pores, few medium tubular and common fine vesicular pores; few faint continuous yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), clay films on faces of peds; 3 percent subrounded quartzite gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--56 to 76 cm (22 to 30 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine roots between peds; common fine tubular and vesicular pores, and few medium tubular pores; few distinct continuous yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), clay films on faces of peds; 2 percent subangular quartzite gravel; moderately acid; diffuse wavy boundary. (20 to 30 inches combined thickness).

2Bt3--76 to 97 cm (30 to 38 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 4/6), channery loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many medium distinct pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) iron depletions, and common fine prominent light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions; common fine clay skins on ped faces; few fine tubular pores, and common fine vesicular pores; 15 percent angular shale channers; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (5 to 15 inches thick).

2BC--97 to 135 cm (38 to 53 inches); yellowish red (5YR 5/6), and light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4); channery sandy loam; weak thin platy parting to moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; very sticky and very plastic; few medium distinct pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) iron depletions, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), clay films on faces of peds and very few faint patchy black (10YR 2/1), iron-manganese stains on faces of peds; common fine vesicular pores; 30 percent angular shale channers; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick).

2C--135 to 193 cm (53 to 76 inches); yellowish red (5YR 5/6), channery sandy loam; weak very thin platy structure; friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine, and few coarse vesicular pores; common fine distinct pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) iron depletions, and few faint patchy yellowish red (5YR 4/6), clay films on faces of peds; 50 percent angular shale channers of which 30 percent para-channers; neutral.

TYPE LOCATION:
State: Maryland
County: Frederick
USGS Topographic Quadrangle: Buckeystown, SW, Maryland
Latitude: 39.306166 N (NAD 83)
Longitude: 77.470045 (NAD 83)
Direction to the Pedon: approximately 400 feet east of Mountville Rd., and 2500 feet south of railroad tracks and Mountville Rd. intersection.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the Top of the Argillic: 15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 inches)
Depth to the Bottom of the Argillic: 55 to 150 cm (22 to 60 inches)
Solum Thickness: 102 to 150 cm (40 to 60 inches)
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 152 cm (60 inches)
Depth Class: Very deep
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches), November to April
Depth to Lithologic Discontinuity: 64 to 114 cm (25 to 45 inches)
Rock Fragment content: In the A and B horizons; 0 to 25 percent comprised of quartzite gravel and some shaley limestone channers. Rock fragments in the BC and C horizons range from 5 to 50 percent and are comprised of shaley limestone channers and para-channers.
Soil Reaction: moderately acid to neutral
Redoximorphic features: range between 76 to 193 cm (30 to 76 inches)

The A horizon has a hue of 10YR to 7.5YR, value 3 or 4, and chroma 3 through 5. Texture is silt loam or loam.

The BE horizon where present has hue of 10YR to 7.5YR, value 4 or 5, and chroma 4 to 6. Texture is silt loam or loam.

The Bt horizons have hue range from 10YR to 5YR, value 4 or 5, and chroma 4 through 8. Textures range from silt loam, loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam.

The 2Bt and 2BC horizons have hue range from 10YR to 5YR, value 4 or 5, and chroma 4 through 8. Textures range from silt loam, loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam.

The 2C horizon has a hue of 7.5YR to 5YR, value 4 through 6, and chroma 4 through 8. Texture ranges from clay loam, silty clay loam, loam, or sandy loam. Some pedons have clay texture.

COMPETING SERIES:
Beech soils are formed in mixed colluviums derived from sandstone shale and siltstone
Blakeslee soils are formed in glaciolacustrine sediments and in the underlying stratified glaciofluvial deposits on outwash plains and terraces
El Dara soils are formed in stratified loamy and sandy Cretatious age materials
Funkstown soils are frequently flooded.
Kidami soils are formed in silty material and loamy glacial till.
Miami soils are formed in dense till.
Mt. Zion soils form in colluvium and residium weathered from metabasalt and metarhyolite.
Pevely soils are formed residuum weathered from sandstone.
Rainsville soils formed in loess or other silty materials over loamy outwash and till.
Rawson soils are formed in loamy sediments and till
Richland soils are formed in colluvium from fine-grained sandstone, siltstone, and shale with minor amounts of limestone
Royerton soils are formed in loamy outwash and glacial till
Shawtown soils are formed in stratified glaciolacustrine or water-sorted sediments overlying dense till
Summitville soils are formed in loamy colluvium and in residuum weathered from interbedded red clay shale, siltstone, and sandstone
Vaughnsville soils are formed in loamy glaciolacustrine material and in the underlying till.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscpae: Piedmont
Landform: Drainageways and swales.
Geomorphic Component: Slightly concave upland flats, drainage divides and swales.
Hillslope Profile Position: Footslopes and toeslopes
Parent Material: Alluvial and or colluvial over limestone residuum.
Slope: 0 to 8 percent
Elevation: 65 to 175 meters
Frost-free Period: 170 to 190 days.
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 10 to 14 degrees C (50 to 55 degrees F)
Mean Annual Precipitation: 960 to 1069 millimeters.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Buckeystown soils are very deep, well drained, and formed from sandy limestone residuum.
Duffield soils are very deep, well drained, and form from limestone residuum.
Funkstown soils are very deep, moderately well drained and frequently flooded.
Hagerstown soils are very deep, well drained, and formed from limestone residuum.
Opequon soils are well drained, shallow and form from limestone residuum

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Moderately well drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Moderately deep (50 to 100 cm)
Index Surface Runoff: Negligible
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: Moderately high
Permeability Class (obsolete): Moderate
Shrink-swell Potential: None to low
Flooding Frequency and Duration: None
Ponding Frequency and Duration: None

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Cropland, woodland, and urban development
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--corn, soybeans, small grain, pasture and hay.
Where wooded--black oak, chestnut oak, red oak, white oak, hickory, yellow popular, red maple, shortleaf pine and Virginia pine.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Maryland.
Extent: Small

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Frederick County, Maryland, 2001

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 16 inches (Ap1 and Ap2 horizon).
Argillic horizon - the zone from approximately 16 to 38 inches (Bt1, Bt2, and 2Bt3 horizons).
Redoximorphic features recognized from approximately 30 to 76 inches.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization laboratory data are available on Pedon #: S 91MD 021-14-7, University of Maryland. Theses soils were mapped as Duffield and Hagerstown on "A" slopes, and Lindside local alluvium.
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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.