LOCATION RAINSVILLE IN+OH

Established Series
Rev. WDH-MLW-KKN
11/2021

RAINSVILLE SERIES

The Rainsville series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils that are deep or very deep to dense till. The Rainsville soils formed in as much as 51 cm (20 inches) of loess or other silty material and in the underlying loamy outwash and till. They are on ground moraines and end moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 12 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 940 mm (37 inches), and mean annual air temperature is about 11 degrees C (51 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Oxyaquic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Rainsville silt loam, on a west-facing, convex, 4 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 210 meters (690 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; mixing of dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam subsoil material; moderate fine subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; friable; common fine and very fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [15 to 25 cm (6 to 10 inches) thick]

Bt1--20 to 33 cm (8 to 13 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and very fine roots; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; common dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) organic coatings on surfaces along pores; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 36 cm (0 to 14 inches) thick]

2Bt2--33 to 53 cm (13 to 21 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and very fine roots; common distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; few dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) organic coatings on surfaces along pores; 5 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

2Bt3--53 to 76 cm (21 to 30 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds and on surfaces along pores; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; 5 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

2Bt4--76 to 107 cm (30 to 42 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds and on surfaces along pores; common medium faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few fine prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; 8 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; abrupt irregular boundary. [Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizon is 61 to 96 cm (24 to 38 inches).]

3Bt5--107 to 122 cm (42 to 48 inches); olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) loam; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds and on surfaces along pores; few fine distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; 4 percent rock fragments; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. [10 to 30 cm (4 to 12 inches) thick]

3Cd--122 to 152 cm (48 to 60 inches); light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) loam; massive; firm; common fine faint light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; common medium distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; 9 percent rock fragments; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Warren County, Indiana; about 2 miles north and 1 1/2 miles east of West Lebanon; 400 feet west and 1,280 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 6, T. 21 N., R. 8 W.; USGS Williamsport, Indiana topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 17 minutes 53.5 seconds N. and long. 87 degrees 21 minutes 29.3 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 469562 easting and 4460919 northing, NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the loess or silty material: 0 to 51 cm (0 to 20 inches)
Depth to the 3Bt horizon (till): 102 to 127 cm (40 to 50 inches)
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 114 to 152 cm (45 to 60 inches)
Thickness of the solum: 114 to 152 cm (45 to 60 inches)
Depth to redox depletions: 76 to 122 cm (30 to 48 inches)
Particle-size control section: averages between 23 and 30 percent clay

Ap or A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silt loam
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

Bt horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

2Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR in the upper part; 7.5YR in the lower part
Value: 4 to 6 in the upper part; 4 or 5 in the lower part
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam
Rock fragment content: 1 to 5 percent gravel in the upper part; 5 to 14 percent gravel in the lower part. The 2B subhorizon immediately above the 3B subhorizon formed in till has 8 to 14 percent gravel.
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid

3Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: loam
Rock fragment content: 2 to 10 percent gravel
Reaction: neutral or slightly alkaline; carbonates are present in some pedons

3Cd or 3C horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: loam
Clay content: 15 to 22 percent
Rock fragment content: 2 to 10 percent gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 40 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Adamstown, Beech, Blakeslee, Cazenovia, El Dara, Funkstown, Hilton, Kidami, Lima, Miami, Mt. Zion, Pevely, Rawson, Richland, Shawtown, Summitville, and Vaughnsville series. Adamstown, Beech, Blakeslee, El Dara, Funkstown, and Summitville soils do not have carbonates within a depth of 152 cm (60 inches). Cazenovia, Lima, Miami, and Rawson soils are less than 114 cm (45 inches) to the base of the argillic horizon. Hilton and Shawtown soils have more than 5 percent rock fragments in the upper part of the argillic horizon. Kidami soils have hue redder than 10YR in the lower part of the series control section. Mt. Zion and Richland soils have more than 10 percent rock fragments in the lower part of the series control section. Pevely soils have a lithic contact between a depth of 51 and 102 cm (20 and 40 inches). Vaughnsville soils have hue redder than 10YR in the ochric epipedon.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Rainsville soils are on ground moraines and end moraines of Wisconsin age. Slope ranges from 0 to 12 percent. The soils formed in as much as 51 cm (20 inches) of loess or other silty material and in the underlying loamy outwash and till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 889 to 940 mm (35 to 37 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from 10 to 11 degrees C (50 to 52 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Fincastle, Martinsville, Miami, and Starks soils. The somewhat poorly drained Fincastle and Starks soils have redox depletions in the upper part of the subsoil and are on lower lying landform positions. The well drained Martinsville soils and the moderately well drained Miami soils on similar landform positions.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. The depth to the top of an intermittent perched high water table ranges from 61 to 107 cm (2.0 to 3.5 feet) between December and April in normal years. The potential for surface runoff is very low to medium. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high in the upper silty and loamy materials; moderately high in the lower part of the solum formed in till; and low to moderately high in the substratum. Permeability is moderate in the upper silty and loamy materials, moderately slow in the lower part of the solum formed in till, and slow or very slow in the substratum.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cropped to corn, soybeans, small grain, and legume hay. A few areas are used for pasture. Native vegetation is mixed hardwoods of oak, hickory, and maple.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East-central Indiana and west-central Ohio; MLRA 111D. The series is of moderate extent.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Warren County, Indiana, 1987.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 20 cm (Ap horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 20 to 122 cm (Bt, 2Bt, 3Bt horizons).
Aquic conditions: redox depletions in all horizons below 76 cm.

A representative data mapunit for the Rainsville component is DMU ID 153435 in MO 11.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab data is available for pedon S84IN17144 from Purdue University.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.