LOCATION CHAPANOKE NC+VAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, semiactive, thermic Aeric Endoaquults
TYPICAL PEDON: Chapanoke silt loam--cultivated.
(Colors are for moist soil.)
Ap--0 to 6 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt loam; weak medium granular structure; friable; few fine and medium roots; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)
Bt--6 to 12 inches; olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly sticky; few fine roots; common medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) iron masses and common medium prominent light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
Btg1--12 to 30 inches; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) silty clay loam; friable; slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine roots; common medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) iron masses; weak medium subangular blocky structure; few faint clay films on faces of peds; common fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Btg2--30 to 50 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) and pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) iron masses; common fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of Btg is 20 to 50 inches thick)
Cg--50 to 62 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) loamy fine sand; single grained; loose; common coarse prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) iron masses; common fine flakes of mica; many fine dark opaque minerals; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
C--62 to 80 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) fine sand; single grained; loose; few fine prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; common fine flakes of mica; many fine dark opaque minerals; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Perquimans County, North Carolina; approximately 0.4 mile east of intersection of State Road 1226 and U.S. Highway 17, 100 feet north of U.S. Highway 17 in a cultivated field.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum Thickness: 30 to 60 inches
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 60 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 6 to 18 inches, November to April
Soil Reaction: extremely acid to slightly acid, except where limed
Ap or A horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 2 to 6
Texture--silt loam, loam, fine sandy loam, or very fine sandy loam
E horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 3
Texture--silt, silt loam, loam, fine sandy loam, or very fine sandy loam
Redoximorphic features-iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron depletions in shades of brown, olive, or gray
AB or BA horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 6
Texture--loam, silt loam, or very fine sandy loam
Redoximorphic features--iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron depletions in shades of brown, olive, or gray
Bt horizon
Texture--hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8. No more than the upper 4 inches of the Bt horizon can have hue of 10YR.
Texture--loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam; some pedons may contain thin layers of silty clay, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or sandy loam. Redoximorphic features--iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron depletions in shades of gray, olive, or white
Btg horizon:
Color--hue of 10YR to 5GY or is neutral, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 0 to
Texture--loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam; some pedons may contain thin layers of silty clay, fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, or sandy loam Redoximorphic features--iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron depletions in shades of gray, olive, or white
BCg or CBg horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10YR to 5GY or is neutral, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 0 to
Texture-- stratified loamy sand to loam
Redoximorphic features--iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron depletions in shades of gray, olive, or white
C horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 3 to 8
Texture--stratified sand to loam, but some pedons contain thin strata of clay Redoximorphic features--iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron depletions in shades of gray, olive, or white
Cg horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 10YR to 5Y or is neutral, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 0 to 2
Texture--sand to loam, but some pedons contain thin strata of clay
Redoximorphic features--iron masses in shades of brown, yellow, or red and iron in depletions in shades of gray, olive, or white
COMPETING SERIES:
Sylacauga soils--these soils have C horizons of stratified sand and gravel, and are subject to flooding.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Coastal Plain
Landform: Marine Terrace
Elevation: Less than 25 feet above mean sea level
Parent Material: loamy marine sediments
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 59 to 62 degrees
Mean Annual Precipitation: 46 to 54 inches
Frost Free Period: 190 to 250 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Acredale soils--poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) with base saturation greater than 35 percent on flats and in slight depressions
Altavista soils--moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table 18 to 30 inches) in fine-loamy family on slightly higher landscapes
Barclay soils--somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 12 to 18 inches) coarse-silty family on similar landscapes
Bertie soils--Somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 12 to 18 inches) in fine-loamy family on slightly higher landscapes
Chowan soils--poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 6 inches) on adjacent flood plains
Dogue soils--moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table 18 to 30 inches) in fine family on slightly higher landscapes
Dragston soils--somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) in coarse-loamy family on similar landscapes
Munden soils--moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table 18 to 30 inches) in coarse-loamy family slightly higher landscapes
Nixonton soils--well drained soils (seasonal high water table 4 to 6 feet) with less than 18 percent clay in the particle size control section on similar landscapes
Pasquotank soils--poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) with average of less than 18 percent clay in the particle size control section on flats and in slight depressions
Perquimans soils--poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) on flats and in slight depressions
Roanoke soils--poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) in fine family on flats and in slight depressions
Tetotum soils--moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table 18 to 30 inches) in fine-loamy family on slightly higher landscapes
Tomotley soils--poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) in fine-loamy family on flats and in slight depressions
Wahee soils--somewhat poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 12 to 18 inches) in fine family on similar landscapes
Weeksville soils--very poorly drained soils (seasonal high water table 0 to 12 inches) in coarse-silty family on flats and in depressions
Yeopim soils--moderately well drained soils (seasonal high water table 18 to 36 inches) on higher landscapes
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Agricultural Drainage Class: Somewhat poorly drained
Permeability: moderately slow
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Mostly cultivated
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--corn, soybeans, peanuts, small grain, cabbage, and pasture. Where wooded--loblolly pine, sweetgum, yellow poplar, water oak, southern red oak, and red maple; understory plants include American holly, flowering dogwood, sassafras, greenbrier, giant cane and inkberry (bitter gallberry)
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Lower Coastal Plain of North Carolina and Virginia, and possibly Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi
Extent: Small
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: City of Virginia Beach, Virginia; 1982.
REMARKS: In the past Chapanoke soils have been included with Augusta and Barclay soils. However, Chapanoke soils are in a fine-silty family. The soil was proposed in Perquimans County, North Carolina, but established with the City of Virginia Beach, Virginia correlation.
Diagnostic horizons and soil properties recognized in the typical pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 6 inches (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon - the zone from 6 to 50 inches below the surface (Bt, Btg1, and Btg2 horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA: used in MLRA(S): 153A, 153B
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
SOI-5 Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation NC0160 CHAPANOKE 0-2 59-62 190-250 46-54 5-25SOI-5 FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock NC0160 NONE RARE 0.5-1.5 APPARENT NOV-APR >60
SOI-5 Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- NC0160 0-6 SIL L 0-0 100-100 7-27 2-8 NC0160 0-6 FSL VFSL 0-0 100-100 5-15 2-5 NC0160 6-50 SICL L CL 0-0 100-100 18-35 3-9 NC0160 50-62 FSL LFS L 0-0 100-100 7-27 1-6 NC0160 62-80 SR S L 0-0 98-100 2-15 0-3
SOI-5 Depth -pH- O.M. Permeab Shnk-Swll NC0160 0-6 3.5-6.5 .5-2. 2.0-6.0 LOW NC0160 0-6 3.5-6.5 .5-2. 2.0-6.0 LOW NC0160 6-50 3.5-6.5 0.-.5 0.2-0.6 LOW NC0160 50-62 3.5-6.5 0.-.5 0.2-0.6 LOW NC0160 62-80 3.5-6.5 0.-.5 0.2-2.0 LOW