LOCATION CHUBARD NV
Established Series
Rev. BAG/TM/JVC/JBF
11/2016
CHUBARD SERIES
The Chubard series consists of very shallow and shallow, well drained soils that formed in residuum and colluvium derived from welded tuff with a component of volcanic ash. Chubard soils are on hills, mountains and rock pediments. Slopes are 2 to 75 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 250 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 9 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Lithic Xeric Haplargids
TYPICAL PEDON: Chubard extremely gravelly sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is covered with approximately 50 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles, and 15 percent stones.
A--0 to 10 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) extremely gravelly sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; moderate medium granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and few fine roots; common very fine and fine vesicular pores; 60 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles, and 2 percent stones; slightly alkaline (pH 7.5); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 13 cm thick)
Bt--10 to 18 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) extremely gravelly sandy clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and medium, and common fine roots; common very fine and few fine interstitial pores; many faint clay films on faces of peds; 60 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; very slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.5); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 13 cm thick)
Btk--18 to 25 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) extremely gravelly clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine, fine and medium roots; few very fine and fine interstitial pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; finely disseminated secondary calcium carbonate throughout; 60 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.5); abrupt wavy boundary. (7 to 15 cm thick)
R--25 cm; slightly fractured, hard welded tuff; few very fine and fine roots in cracks.
TYPE LOCATION: Lincoln County, Nevada; about 10 miles north of state Highway 93 and 1.5 miles west of Wheatgrass Spring; approximately 1,400 feet north and 2,000 feet west of southeast corner of section 20, T. 2 S., R. 63 E.; USGS Wheatgrass Spring 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 37 degrees 45 minutes 30.9 seconds N and longitude 114 degrees 56 minutes 28 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 37.7586111 latitude, -114.941111 longitude.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry; moist in winter and spring months, dry in summer and fall, intermittently moist for 10 to 20 days cumulative from July through September due to convection storms; aridic soil moisture regime that borders on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8 to 11 degrees C.
Depth to bedrock: 15 to 36 cm to a lithic contact.
Mineralogy: 15 to 24 percent volcanic glass in the 0.02 to 2 mm fraction and averages 0.05 to 0.09 percent Al plus 1/2Fe, extracted by ammonium oxalate.
Particle-size control section - Clay content: Averages 18 to 27 percent.
Rock fragments: 50 to 75 percent, mainly gravel and cobbles. Some pedons have up to 25 percent flagstones. Lithology of fragments is welded tuff.
A horizon
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist.
Bt horizon
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 4 through 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Sandy clay loam, clay loam, loam, or coarse sandy loam.
Clay content: 18 to 30 percent.
Rock fragments: 60 to 80 percent, mainly as gravel and cobbles.
Structure: Moderate or strong, fine or medium subangular blocky.
Effervescence: Noneffervescent or very slightly effervescent.
Reaction: Neutral or slightly alkaline.
Btk horizon
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR.
Value: 4 through 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Sandy clay loam, coarse sandy loam, loam, or clay loam.
Clay content: 18 to 32 percent.
Rock fragments: 60 to 80 percent, mainly as gravel and cobbles.
Reaction: Slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
Effervescence: Slightly effervescent through violently effervescent.
Secondary carbonates: Finely disseminated in the matrix with some pedons containing few carbonate pendants on the bottom of rock fragments.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Atlow,
Boomstick,
Checkett,
Cottle,
Doorkiss
Fortyday,
Gabbvally,
Hooplite,
Nevo,
Olac,
Old Camp,
Phliss,
Richinde,
Rowel,
Soughe,
Stewval, and
Thike series.
Atlow,
Boomstick,
Checkett,
Fortyday soils have a lithic contact between 36 to 50 cm.
Cottle,
Doorkiss,
Hooplite,
Olac,
Old Camp, and
Soughe soils are not intermittently moist in some part of the moisture control section for 10 to 20 days cumulative between July and September.
Gabbvally,
Nevo, Olac, and Soughe soils do not have carbonates and are noneffervescent in the A and Bt horizons.
Phliss soils have identifiable secondary carbonates at depths of 8 to 25 cm and are dry throughout from July through September.
Richinde soils have 35 to 50 percent rock fragments and 27 to 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section.
Rowel soils are dominated by cobbles in the particle-size control section and have mean annual soil temperature of 12 to 14 degrees C.
Stewval soils have mean annual soil temperature of more than 11 degrees C.
Thike soils average 12 to 18 percent clay in the particle-size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Chubard soils are on hills, mountains and rock pediments. They typically occur on summit and backslope positions. These soils formed in residuum and colluvium derived from welded tuff with a component of volcanic ash. Slopes are 2 to 75 percent. Elevations range from 1,326 to 2,500 meters. The climate is semiarid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 200 to 300 mm, the mean annual temperature is 7 to 11 degrees C, and the frost-free period is 100 to 130 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Chuckridge,
Handpah,
Nuhelen and the competing
Richinde soils. Chuckridge and Handpah soils are very shallow and shallow to a duripan over alluvium. Nuhelen soils have a mollic epipedon.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.
USE AND VEGETATION: Chubard soils are used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. The potential native vegetation includes desert needlegrass, Indian ricegrass, galleta, black sagebrush, Stansbury cliffrose, Nevada ephedra, and banana yucca. The typical pedon is correlated to ecological site R029XY045NV, Stony Calcareous Slope 8-12 P.Z.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: South-central and east-central Nevada. These soils are extensive with about 120,000 acres of the series mapped to date. MLRAs 29 and 28A.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lincoln County, Nevada, North Part, 2006.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 10 cm (A horizon).
Argillic horizon - The zone from 10 to 25 cm (Bt and Btk horizons).
Identifiable secondary carbonates - The zone from 18 to 25 cm (Btk horizon).
Lithic contact - The boundary at 25 cm (R layer).
Particle-size control section - The zone from the soil surface to 25 cm (A, Bt, and Btk horizons).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.