LOCATION RICHINDE NV
Established Series
Rev. BAG/CWL/TM/JBF
06/2016
RICHINDE SERIES
The Richinde series consists of shallow, well drained soils that formed in residuum and colluvium derived from welded tuff. Richinde soils are on hills and mountains. Slopes are 2 to 50 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 250 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 9 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Lithic Xeric Haplargids
TYPICAL PEDON: Richinde very gravelly sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is covered with approximately 30 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles and 5 percent stones. Lithology is welded tuff.
A--0 to 13 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) very gravelly sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate thin platy structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine, and few medium vesicular pores; 35 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.1); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 13 cm thick)
Bt1--13 to 33 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very gravelly sandy clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; strong coarse subangular blocky structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine, and few medium roots; few fine and medium tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; 30 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; neutral (pH 7.1); clear smooth boundary. (10 to 23 cm thick)
Bt2--33 to 46 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very gravelly sandy clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist; strong coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine, fine and medium roots; few very fine and fine tubular pores; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; 30 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles and 2 percent stones; neutral (pH 7.3); abrupt smooth boundary. (10 to 18 cm thick)
R--46 cm; hard, fractured welded tuff; few fine and medium roots in fractures.
TYPE LOCATION: Lincoln County, Nevada; in the North Pahroc Range about 1.5 miles northwest of Wheatgrass Spring and 20 feet south of a jeep trail. About 2,600 feet south and 1,300 feet east of northwest corner of section 16, T. 2 S., R. 63 E.; USGS Wheatgrass Spring 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 37 degrees 46 minutes 43 seconds N and longitude 114 degrees 55 minutes 53 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 37.7786111 latitude, -114.9313889 longitude.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually dry, moist in winter and spring months, dry in summer and fall; intermittently moist for 10 to 20 days cumulative from July through September due to convection storms; aridic soil moisture regime that borders on xeric.
Soil temperature: 8 to 11 degrees C.
Depth to bedrock: 36 to 50 cm to a lithic contact.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent in the material less than 2 mm.
Mineralogy: 15 to 24 percent volcanic glass in the 0.02 to 2 mm fraction and averages 0.05 to 0.09 percent Al plus 1/2Fe, extracted by ammonium oxalate.
Particle-size control section - Clay content: 27 to 35 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 50 percent; mainly gravel. Lithology of fragments is welded tuff.
A horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry, and 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4, dry or moist.
Effervescence: Noneffervescent to slightly effervescent.
Reaction - Neutral or slightly alkaline.
Bt horizons
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4 dry, 3 through 6 moist.
Structure: Subangular blocky or angular blocky.
Rock fragments: 35 to 50 percent.
Consistence: Soft to hard dry, very friable to firm moist.
Effervescence: Noneffervescent to strongly effervescent.
Reaction - Neutral to moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Atlow,
Boomstick,
Checkett,
Chubard,
Cottle,
Doorkiss,
Fortyday,
Gabbvally,
Hooplite,
Nevo,
Olac,
Old Camp,
Phliss, Richinde,
Rowel,
Soughe,
Stewval, and
Thike series.
Atlow,
Cottle,
Doorkiss,
Fortyday,
Hooplite,
Nevo,
Olac,
Old Camp,
Phliss, and
Soughe soils are not intermittently moist for 10 to 20 days cumulative from July through September due to convection storms.
Boomstick soils have 50 to 70 percent rock fragments in the control section with lithology consisting of phyllite, slate and hornfels.
Checkett soils have more than 50 percent rock fragments in the control section, and the Bt horizon is moderately or strongly alkaline.
Chubard soils have 50 to 75 percent rock fragments and 18 to 27 percent clay.
Cottle soils have thin Btkq horizons.
Gabbvally soils have mean annual soil temperature of 12 to 15 degrees C.
Rowel soils contain 50 to 80 percent coarse fragments and average 40 to 55 percent clay in the particle-size control section.
Stewval soils are very shallow or shallow to a lithic contact and have mean annual soil temperature ranging from 12 to 15 degrees C.
Thike soils have more than one-half the gravel which are 2 to 5 mm in size and the sand fraction is dominantly coarse sand.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Richinde soils are on hills and mountains. Richinde soils formed in residuum and colluvium derived from welded tuff. Slopes are 2 to 50 percent. Elevations range from 1,341 to 2,440 meters. The climate is cool and semiarid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 200 to 300 mm, the mean annual temperature is 7 to 11 degrees C, and the frost-free period is 100 to 130 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Nuhelen, the competing
Chubard,
Chuckridge, and
Handpah soils. Nuhelen soils have a mollic epipedon. Chuckridge and Handpah soils are on fan remnants and are very shallow and shallow to a duripan over alluvium.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; medium to very high surface runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.
USE AND VEGETATION: Richinde soils are used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. The potential native vegetation includes Indian ricegrass, needleandthread, desert needlegrass, fourwing saltbush and Wyoming big sagebrush. This pedon is correlated to Ecological Site R029XY006NV, Loamy 8-10 P.Z.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern and central Nevada. The soils are moderately extensive. MLRA 29 and 28A.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lincoln County, Nevada, North Part, 2006.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 13 cm (A horizon).
Argillic horizon - The zone from 13 to 46 cm (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons).
Lithic contact - The boundary at 46 cm (R layer).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 13 to 46 cm (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons).
Additional data for the series is available as NSSL pedon number 05N0664.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.