LOCATION CASVILLE NC+VA
Established Series
DCC/Rev.JAK/Rev.DTA
04/2026
CASVILLE SERIES
MLRA(s): 136 (mesic part)
Soil Survey Regional Office (SSRO) Responsible: Southeast
Depth Class: Very deep
Agricultural Drainage Class: Well drained
Index Surface Runoff: Medium to very high
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: Moderately high
Shrink-Swell Potential: Moderate
Landscape: Piedmont upland
Landform: Interstream divides, ridges, shoulders, and side slopes
Parent Material: Residuum from felsic or intermediate igneous or metamorphic
rock
Slope: 2 to 25 percent
Elevation (type location): 213 meters (700 feet)
Frost Free Period: 200 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature (type location): 14 degrees C (57 degrees F)
Mean Annual Precipitation (type location): 1118 millimeters (44 inches)
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Casville coarse sandy loam in an area of Casville coarse sandy loam, 2 to 8 percent slopes, in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil, unless otherwise indicated.)
Ap--0 to 15 centimeters (0 to 6 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) coarse sandy loam, weak fine and medium granular structure; very friable; nonsticky; nonplastic; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (2 to 25 centimeters (1 to 10 inches) thick)
BA--15 to 23 centimeters (6 to 9 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy clay loam; common fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, strongly plastic; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 25 centimeters (0 to 10 inches) thick)
Bt1--23 to 46 centimeters (9 to 18 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) clay; few medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/8) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few continuous distinct clay films on faces of peds; common fine mica flakes; 10 percent fine gravel; strongly acid; 2 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) transported A horizon material between peds; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt2--46 to 61 centimeters (18 to 24 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) clay; common medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/8) and few medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few continuous distinct brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; common fine mica flakes; 5 percent, by volume fine gravel; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 25 to 76 centimeters (10 to 30 inches)
BC--61 to 74 centimeters (24 to 29 inches); yellowish red (5YR 5/8) sandy clay loam; few fine prominent red (2.5YR 4/8) and few fine prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, moderately plastic; common fine mica flakes; 2 percent, by volume fine gravel; very strongly acid; 10 percent pockets of clay loam; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 38 centimeters (0 to 15 inches) thick)
C/B--74 to 86 centimeters (29 to 34 inches); 85 percent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) sandy loam; common medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/8) and few fine prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) mottles; massive, friable, nonsticky, nonplastic (C part); 15 percent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) sandy clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic (B part); common fine mica flakes; 2 percent, by volume fine gravel; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 38 centimeters (0 to 15 inches) thick)
C--86 to 152 centimeters (34 to 60 inches); yellowish red (5YR 5/8) sandy loam; common medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/8) and few fine prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) mottles; massive; friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine mica flakes; 2 percent, by volume fine gravel; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Caswell County, North Carolina; about 1.5 miles southeast of Casville, 0.5 miles east and south of the intersection of Secondary Roads 1154 and 1153 on SR 1154, 1400 feet south of SR 1154, in a cropped field; USGS Cherry Grove, North Carolina topographic quadrangle.
Latitude--36.3744
Longitude-- -79.4703
Datum--WGS84
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to top of Argillic horizon: 15 to 41 centimeters (6 to 16 inches)
Depth to base of Argillic horizon: Greater than 51 centimeters (20 inches)
Thickness of clayey part of Argillic horizon: 25 to 63 centimeters (10 to 25 inches)
Depth to Bedrock: Greater than 152 centimeters (60 inches)
Rock Fragment content: 0 to 35 percent, by volume throughout
Mica Content: 0 to 20 percent, by volume mica flakes in the B and C horizons
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid throughout, unless limed
Other Features: Linear extensibility percentage (LEP) of the heaviest textured subsurface horizon is 3 to 6 (moderate shrink-swell potential)
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
A or Ap horizon:
Color--hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 2 to 6
Texture (fine earth fraction)--coarse sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam. Eroded phases include sandy clay loam or clay loam
E horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, chroma of 3 to 6
Texture (fine earth fraction)--coarse sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam
BA horizon or BE horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 4 to 8
Texture (fine earth fraction)--coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, sandy clay loam, or loam
Bt horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 4 to 8
Texture (fine earth fraction)--sandy clay, clay, or clay loam
Mottles (if they occur)--shades of red, brown, or yellow
BC horizon or BCt horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, chroma of 4 to 8
Texture (fine earth fraction)--loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, fine sandy loam, coarse sandy loam, or sandy loam
Mottles (if they occur)--shades of red, brown, or yellow
C/B horizon (if it occurs):
C part--same properties as C horizon
B part--same properties as Bt or BC horizon
Mottles (if they occur)--red, brown, or yellow
C horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 5 to 8, chroma of 3 to 8
Texture (fine earth fraction)--sandy loam, sandy clay loam, fine sandy loam, coarse sandy loam, loamy sand, or loam
Mottles (if they occur)--shades of red, brown, or yellow
COMPETING SERIES:
Buffstat soils--are deep to bedrock and formed in residuum of sericite or graphitic schist
Clover soils--formed in residuum from Triassic age materials
Danripple soils--formed in old alluvium on stream terraces of the Piedmont
Penhook soils--are redder and formed in residuum from phyllites and schists
Totier soils--are deep to bedrock and formed in residuum from Triassic red shale
Warminster soils--are deep to bedrock and formed in residuum from Triassic red shale
Yellowbottom soils--formed in residuum from sericite schist phyllonite, phyllite, and metamonzagranite
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Piedmont upland
Landform: Interstream divides, ridges, shoulders, and side slopes
Parent Material: Residuum from felsic or intermediate igneous and metamorphic rock
Slope: 2 to 25 percent
Elevation: 107 to 366 meters (350 to 1200) feet
Frost Free Period: 160 to 205 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 11 to 14 degrees C (52 to 57 degrees F)
Mean Annual Precipitation: 1016 to 1397 millimeters (40 to 55) inches
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Bentley soils--formed from old alluvium and colluvium capped residuum and have a seasonal high water table at a depth of 76 to 102 centimeters (30 to 40 inches); on lower-lying landforms
Clifford soil--have kaolinitic mineralogy, a thick (63 to 152 centimeters (25 to 60 inches) thick) clayey Bt horizon, and low shrink-swell potential; on similar landforms
Fairview soils--have kaolinitic mineralogy and low shrink-swell potential; on similar landforms
Minnieville soils--have kaolinitic mineralogy and low shrink-swell potential; on similar landforms
Nathalie soils--have kaolinitic mineralogy and low shrink-swell potential; on similar landforms
Toast soils--have kaolinitic mineralogy, a thin (less than 63 centimeters (25 inches) thick) clayey Bt horizon, and low shrink-swell potential; on similar landforms
Rhodhiss soils--are fine-loamy; on similar landforms
Jackland soils--have smectitic mineralogy and higher base saturation; on similar landforms
Oak Level soils--have higher base saturation; on similar landforms
Orange soils--have higher base saturation, smectitic mineralogy, and a perched water table at a depth of 30 to 91 centimeters (12 to 36 inches; on lower-lying landforms
Rasalo soils-- have higher base saturation and high shrink-swell potential; on similar landforms
Siloam soils--are shallow to bedrock and have higher base saturation on similar landforms
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Agricultural Drainage Class: Well drained
Index Surface Runoff: Medium
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: Moderately high
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Cropland, pasture, woodland, and a few areas of idle land
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--corn, tobacco, soybeans, small grain, and hay. Where wooded--red oak, white oak, post oak, yellow poplar, sweetgum, hickory, blackgum, red maple, Virginia pine, shortleaf pine, eastern white pine, and loblolly pine.
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: North Carolina and Virginia
Extent: Moderate
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Rockingham County, North Carolina, 2009.
REMARKS: Casville soils were previously mapped as Vance soils. The creation of a mesic region within the southern Piedmont MLRA 136 necessitated a new series be established as a counterpart to the Vance Series. Casville is a small community in western Caswell County near the Rockingham County line. The April 2026 version changed the format. No data was changed.
Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 23 centimeters (0 to 9 inches) (Ap and BA horizons)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 23 to 61 centimeters (9 to 24 inches) (Bt horizon)
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory Data:
No laboratory data available.
Database Information:
Typical Pedon Data Mapunit ID--540431
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
Soil Name Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation
Casville 2-25 52-57 160-205 40-55 350-1200
FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness
NONE >6.0 - - >60 -
Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC-
0-6 FSL SL COSL 0-5 80-100 8-20 2-6
0-6 GR-SL GR-COSL 5-10 55-80 8-20 2-6
0-6 SCL CL 0-5 90-100 20-35 4-8
9-24 CL SC C 0-5 90-100 35-60 7-13
29-60 SL L SCL 0-5 80-100 10-35 5-10
Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll
0-6 3.5-5.5 0.5-2.0 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW
0-6 3.5-5.5 0.5-2.0 0-0 2.0-6.0 LOW
0-6 3.5-5.5 0.5-1.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW
9-24 3.5-5.5 0.0-0.5 0-0 0.2-0.6 MODERATE
29-60 3.5-5.5 0.0-0.5 0-0 0.2-0.6 LOW
________________________________________
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.