LOCATION DODGE WI+IL
Established Series
Rev. HFG-AAC
01/2011
DODGE SERIES
The Dodge series consists of very deep well-drained soils formed in loess and in the underlying till on ground moraines, end moraines, and drumlins. Slope ranges from 0 to 20 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 762 mm (30 inches). Mean annual air temperature is about 9.4 degree C (49 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Dodge silt loam on a 2 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 284 meters (930 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap1--0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine crumb structure; friable; many fine and very fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Ap2--15 to 20 cm (6 to 8 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine and very fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Ap ranges from 15 to 23 cm (6 to 9 inches).]
Bt1--20 to 33 cm (8 to 13 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; weak medium platy structure parting to weak very fine angular blocky; friable; common fine and very fine roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds; clean silt grains coating faces of some peds; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--33 to 48 cm (13 to 19 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; moderate very fine angular and subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt3--48 to 58 cm (19 to 23 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate and strong fine angular and subangular blocky; firm; common very fine and fine roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt4--58 to 74 cm (23 to 29 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular and subangular; firm; common very fine and fine roots; common faint brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few dark colored iron-manganese spots on faces of peds; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizons ranges from 28 to 76 cm (11 to 30 inches).]
2Bt5--74 to 89 cm (29 to 35 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few very fine and fine roots; common faint brown (7.5YR 4/3) and distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; few dark colored iron-manganese spots on faces of peds; about 8 percent gravel; slightly acid; gradual irregular boundary.
2Bt6--89 to 99 cm (35 to 39 inches); dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; common faint brown (7.5YR 4/3) and distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds and in channels; about 8 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; 14 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizon ranges from 10 to 51 cm (4 to 20 inches).]
2C1--99 to 122 cm (39 to 48 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy loam; massive breaking to weak thin plates; friable; about 12 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; 28 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. [0 to 51 cm (0 to 20 inches) thick]
2C2--122 to 152 cm (48 to 60 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy loam; massive breaking to thin plates; friable; about 12 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; 33 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. [0 to 51 cm (0 to 20 inches) thick]
2C3--152 to 213 cm (60 to 84 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) and pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly sandy loam; massive breaking to weak thin plates; about 18 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; 36 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Dane County, Wisconsin; about 4 miles east and 5 miles north of Sun Prairie; 300 feet south and 1375 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 13, T. 9 N., R. 11 E. USGS North Bristol Wisconsin topographic quadrangle; lat. 43 degrees 15 minutes 09 seconds N., and long. 89 degrees 07 minutes 56 seconds W., NAD 27
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 76 to 127 cm (30 to 50 inches)
Thickness of loess: 61 to 99 cm (24 to 39 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 76 to 102 cm (30 to 40 inches)
Particle-size control section: averages from 25 to 32 percent clay and less than 15 percent fine sand or coarser
Volume of gravel: 3 to 35 percent in the till
Volume of cobble: 0 to 2 percent in the till.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 40 percent in the substratum.
Ap or A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 to 5
Chroma: 1 to 4.
Texture: silt loam
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid but ranges to neutral, where the soil is limed.
E or BE horizon (where present):
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silt loam
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid but ranges to neutral, where the soil is limed.
Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 3 to 6, Value and chroma of 3 do not occur together.
Texture: silty clay loam or silt loam
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid but ranges to neutral in the upper part in some pedons, where the soil is limed.
2Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: clay loam,sandy clay loam, loam,fine sandy loam, or sandy loam or the gravelly analogues
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline
Other features:
A thin organic matter and clay-rich B horizon (Beta B) is present in some pedons just above the calcareous till and is identified by its low value (2 or 3) and chroma (1 to 3).
2Btk or 2BCtk horizon (where present):
Hue: 7.5YR, or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or the gravelly analogues
Reaction: slightly or moderately alkaline.
2C horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 or 6
chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: sandy loam or fine sandy loam or their gravelly analogs but some pedons have subhorizons of loam or loamy sand or their gravelly analogues
Sand content: averages 55 percent or more in the 2C horizon but some pedons have subhorizons in the 2C with less than 55 percent sand
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 40 percent
Reaction: slightly or moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Bertrand,
Blackhammer,
Camden,
Dubuque,
Fayette,
Flagg,
Greenridge,
Hackers,
Jackson,
Jemerson,
Knowles,
La Farge,
Lambeau,
Lomira,
Marseilles,
Martinsburg,
Menfro,
Middletown,
Navlys,
Palermo,
Palsgrove,
Pepin,
Piscasaw,
Ridgway,
Rozetta,
Ruma,
Rush,
Russell,
Seaton, St.
Charles,
Stookey,
Sylvan,
Thebes, and
Yellowriver series. Dubuque, and Knowles soils have a lithic contact at 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches). Bertrand, Fayette, Martinsburg, Menfro, Navlys, Palermo, Rozetta, Ruma, Seaton, St. Charles, Stookey, Sylvan, and Yellowriver soils have loess or other silty deposits more than 40 inches thick. Blackhammer soils are stratified in the lower part of the series control section. Camden, Flagg, Greenridge, Hackers, Jemerson, Lambeau, and Ridgway soils do not have free carbonates within the series control section. Jackson soils have loess or other silty deposits 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches) thick and have redox features and saturation at 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches). La Farge and Marseilles soils have a paralithic contact at 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches). Lomira soils have 60 to 90 percent calcium carbonate equivalent in the lower part of the series control section. Middletown and Thebes soils do not have carbonates or rock fragments within the series control section. Palsgrove soils have a lithic contact at 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches). Pepinsoils have 35 percent or more clay in the lower part of the series control section. Piscasaw soils average less than 55 percent sand in the substratum and are more than 102 cm (40 inches) deep to carbonates. Rush soils are more than 102 cm (40 inches) deep to carbonates. Russell soils have a densic contact (Cd) at 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches) and are more than 102 cm (40 inches) deep to carbonates.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Dodge soils are on ground moraines, end moraines, and drumlins. Slope ranges from 0 to 20 percent. These soils formed in loess and in the underlying till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 71 to 81 cm (28 to 32 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from 7.8 to 11.7 degrees C (46 to 53 degrees F).
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are
Birkbeck,
Lamartine,
Mayville,
Kidder, and St.
Charles soils. Birkbeck and St. Charles soils are on similar slopes with loess thicker than 102 cm (40 inches). The moderately well drained Mayville and the somewhat poorly drained Lamartine soils form a drainage sequence with the well drained Dodge soils. Kidder soils are nearby on similar slopes where loess thins out to less than 46 cm (18 inches).
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. The potential for surface runoff ranges from negligible to high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high to high (4.23 to 14.11 micrometers per second). Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of the soil are used for cropland. Common crops are corn, small grain, legumes, and canning crops. Some areas are used for pastureland or woodland. Native vegetation is primarily deciduous forest with maple-basswood and oak-hickory predominating.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 95B, 108A, 108B, 110, and 115C in southeastern Wisconsin and northern Illinois. These soils are extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Green County, Wisconsin, 1969.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - 0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 inches) (Ap1, Ap2); argillic horizon - 20 to 99 cm (8 to 39 inches) (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4, 2Bt5, 2Bt6).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to soil survey sample number S62WI-025-001 for NSSL data on the typical pedon. Refer to soil survey sample number S62WI-021-001 for NSSL data on another Dodge pedon.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.