LOCATION HAIG                    IA+KS MO

Established Series
Rev. JDH-JES-RJB
06/2015

HAIG SERIES


The Haig series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils formed in Wisconsin age loess. These soils are on broad interfluves on dissected till plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 11 degrees C. Mean annual precipitation is about 850 millimeters.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Vertic Argiaquolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Haig silt loam, on a slope of about 1 percent, in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 18 centimeters; black (10YR 2/1) silt loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

A1--18 to 28 centimeters; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

A2--28 to 38 centimeters; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; friable; few prominent gray (10YR 5/1) dry silt coats on faces of peds; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg1--38 to 48 centimeters; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few distinct black (10YR 2/1) clay films in lower part; few fine dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) accumulations (manganese oxides); few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg2--48 to 61 centimeters; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common distinct black (10YR 2/1) clay films; few fine dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) and dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) concretions (iron and manganese oxides); common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg3--61 to 79 centimeters; dark gray (5Y 4/1) silty clay; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very firm; common distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay films; few fine dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) and dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) concretions (iron and manganese oxides); many fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg4--79 to 104 centimeters; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silty clay; weak fine prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; common prominent very dark gray (10YR 3/1) and dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on all faces of peds; few fine dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) and dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) concretions (iron and manganese oxides); common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg5--104 to 122 centimeters; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic structure; firm; common prominent very dark gray (10YR 3/1) and dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on vertical faces of peds; many fine dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) and dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) concretions (iron and manganese oxides); common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg6--122 to 152 centimeters; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) silty clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure; friable; common prominent dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay films on vertical faces of peds; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 109-Iowa and Missouri Heavy Till Plain, Clarke County, Iowa subset; about 5 miles south and 2 miles west of Osceola; located about 415 feet south and 60 feet east of the northwest corner of section 13, T. 71 N., R. 26 W.; USGS Lacelle topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 57 minutes 22 seconds N. and long. 93 degrees 48 minutes 25 seconds W., NAD 83.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of mollic epipedon--50 to 90 centimeters
Depth to carbonates--greater than 150 centimeters
Clay content in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--35 to 50 percent
Sand content in the particle-size control section (weighted average)--less than 5 percent
Rock fragment content--0 percent

Ap or A horizon:
Hue--10YR or is neutral
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--0 or 1
Texture--silt loam or silty clay loam
Clay content--22 to 40 percent
Sand content--less than 5 percent
Sodium adsorption ratio--0
Reaction--pH 5.1 to 7.3
Thickness--30 to 49 centimeters

BA horizon (when present):
Hue--10YR or is neutral
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--0 or 1
Texture--silty clay loam or silty clay
Clay content--28 to 48 percent
Sand content--less than 5 percent
Sodium adsorption ratio--0
Reaction--pH 5.1 to 7.3
Thickness--0 to 16 centimeters

Btg horizon:
Hue--10YR to 5Y
Value--3 to 6
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--silty clay or silty clay loam
Clay content--30 to 50 percent
Sand content--less than 5 percent
Sodium adsorption ratio--0
Reaction--pH 5.1 to 7.3
Thickness--50 to 150 centimeters

BCg or Cg horizon (when present):
Hue--10YR to 5Y
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--silty clay or silty clay loam
Clay content--35 to 50 percent
Sand content--less than 5 percent
Sodium adsorption ratio--0
Reaction--pH 6.1 to 7.3

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Butler, Carbika, Chancellor, Clarinda, Coatsburg, Edinburg, Fosterburg, Lodgepole, Mazaska, Minnetonka, Sacville, Sampsel, Taintor, Terrabella, Virden, Winterset, and Worthing series.
Butler--have a clay content of 20 to 35 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Carbika--have a sand content of more than 20 percent in the lower third of the series control section and have mollic epipedons 25 to 46 centimeters thick
Chancellor--have carbonates within a depth of 127 centimeters
Clarinda--have mollic epipedons 25 to 50 centimeters thick
Coatsburg--have a sand content that averages more than 15 percent in the particle-size control section
Edinburg--have a clay content that averages less than 40 percent in the particle-size control section
Fosterburg--have a sodium adsorption ration of 5 to 15 in the upper two thirds of the series control section
Lodgepole--have carbonates within a depth of 75 centimeters
Mazaska--have carbonates within a depth of 150 centimeters and have a rock fragment content of 2 to 8 percent in the series control section
Minnetonka--have carbonates within a depth of 132 centimeters
Sacville--have a rock fragment content of 1 to 60 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Sampsel--have a paralithic contact within a depth of 200 centimeters
Taintor--have a clay content that averages less than 42 percent in the particle-size control section
Terrabella--have matrix hues of 5YR or 7.5YR in the middle third of the series control section
Virden--have a clay content of 20 to 32 percent in the lower fourth of the series control section
Winterset--have mollic epipedons 40 to 60 centimeters thick and have a clay content of less than 35 percent in the lower third of the series control section
Worthing--have mollic epipedons greater than 90 centimeters thick

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--Wisconsin age loess
Landform--broad interfluves on dissected till plains
Slope--0 to 2 percent
Elevation--155 to 505 meters above sea level
Mean air annual temperature--8 to 13 degrees C
Mean annual precipitation--660 to 1,040 millimeters
Frost-free period--155 to 220 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Arispe, Edina, and Grundy soils.
Arispe--are on lower elevations on side slopes and have a frequently saturated zone within depths of 0.3 to 0.75 meters during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation
Edina--are on lower elevations in small depressions on interfluves, have albic horizons and have an abrupt increase in clay from the albic to the argillic horizons
Grundy--are on lower elevations on side slopes and have a frequently saturated zone within depths of 0.3 to 0.75 meters during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--poorly drained--these soils are frequently saturated at the soil surface to a depth of 0.3 meter during the wettest periods of years when precipitation is within one standard deviation of the 30 year mean of annual precipitation, this saturation is considered apparent
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--0.1 to 1.0 micrometers per second

USE AND VEGETATION:
Most areas are cultivated. The principal crops are corn, soybeans, small grains, and hay. The native vegetation is big bluestem, western wheatgrass, sedges, blue grama and other species of the tall grass prairie that are tolerant of excessive wetness. See Additional Data section for native vegetative cover in Iowa.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic location--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic section--Dissected till plains
MLRAs--Nebraska and Kansas Loess-Drift Hills (106),
Iowa and Missouri Deep Loess Hills (107B),
Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift, West-Central Part (108C), and
Iowa and Missouri Heavy Till Plain (109)
LRR M; southern Iowa, northeastern Kansas, and northern Missouri
Extent--large

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lucas County, Iowa, 1941.

REMARKS:
Particle-size control section--the zone from a depth of 38 to 88 centimeters;
series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 152 centimeters.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon include:
mollic epipedon-the zone from the surface to a depth of 61 centimeters (Ap, A1, A2, Btg1, and Btg2 horizons);
argillic horizon--the zone from a depth of 38 to 152 centimeters (Btg horizons);
aquic moisture regime.

Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, tenth edition, 2006.

ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory data--National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska pedon S83IA053001 (http://ssldata.sc.egov.usda.gov/).

In Iowa, the native vegetative cover is a herbaceous wetland community commonly inhabited with Bluejoint Grasses, Fowl Bluegrasses, Green Muhlies, Fox Sedges, Field Sedges, Dudleys Rushes, Torreys Rushes, Swamp Milkweeds, False Sneezeweeds, False Asters, New England Asters, White Panicled Asters, and Wild Mints. Source: Iowa State Office, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Des Moines, IA.



National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.