LOCATION HENDERSON GA+ALEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Paleudults
TYPICAL PEDON: Henderson cherty sandy loam - forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) cherty sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; about 20 percent, by volume, chert fragments; few stones; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (2 to 6 inches thick)
E--4 to 13 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) cherty sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; common medium roots; about 20 percent, by volume, chert fragments; strongly acid; abrupt irregular boundary. (7 to 13 inches thick)
Bt1--13 to 18 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) cherty sandy clay; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common medium roots; about 25 percent, by volume, chert fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt irregular boundary.
Bt2--18 to 33 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) cherty clay; common medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) and reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation; strong medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common distinct clay films on surfaces of peds; few large roots; many fragments of chert; very strongly acid; gradual irregular boundary.
Bt3--33 to 49 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) cherty clay; common fine distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) and reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; many pebbles and fragments of chert; very strongly acid; gradual irregular boundary.
Bt4--49 to 65 inches; 34 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), 34 percent light gray (2.5Y 7/2), and 33 percent reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) cherty clay; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm; many pebbles and fragments of chert, few stones; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Randolph County, Georgia; approximately 4.7 miles south of U.S. Highway 82 on Georgia 266 and about 0.4 mile south of the railroad crossing.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 65 to 95 inches. The content of coarse fragments range from 15 to 50 percent in the A horizon, and from 15 to 30 percent in the Bt horizons. Stones cover 0 to 3 percent of the surface. Reaction is very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout, except where the surface has been limed.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 or 4 and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is cherty sandy loam or cherty loam.
The E horizon, where present, has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 and chroma of 3, 4, or 6. Texture is cherty sandy loam or cherty loam.
The Bt horizon has hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 6 or 8. Texture is sandy clay loam or sandy clay. Redox accumulations in shades of red, brown and yellow range from few to many. Some horizons in the lower part of the profile have no dominant color and are mixed in these colors. ; below a depth of 40 inches, gray. The mean average clay content in the upper 20 inches is 40 to 60 percent with more than 20 percent sand.
COMPETING SERIES: These include the Dewey, Fullerton, Lugoff, Marlboro, Summerton, and Waynesboro series. Dewey, Fullerton, and Waynesboro soils are not in the Southern Coastal plain. Lugoff, Marlboro, and Summerton soils do not contain chert fragments.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Henderson soils are on uplands of the Southern Coastal Plain. Slopes range from 2 to 20 percent. The regolith formed from residuum weathered from impure limestone. The average annual air temperature ranges from 64 to 68 degrees F., and average annual precipitation ranges from 43 to 50 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the Boswell, Carnegie, Esto, Faceville, Greenville, Lakeland, Nankin, Marlboro, Red bay, Susquehanna and Tifton series. Boswell and Susquehanna soils have mixed and smectitic mineralogy, respectively. In addition, they are Alfisols and have Vertic subgroups. Carnegie, Esto, Marlboro, and Faceville soils do not contain significant amounts of chert fragments and all have Kandic horizons except Marlboro. Greenville and Red Bay soils are Rhodic. In addition, Red bay soils are fine-loamy. Lakeland soils are sandy throughout and lack Bt horizons. Nankin soils have more than 20 percent decrease in clay from the maximum within 60 inches of the surface. Tifton soils are fine-loamy and have more than 5 percent plinthite, by volume.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of Henderson soil are in forest of mixed hardwoods and pines. Cleared areas are used for pasture.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Middle and Upper Coastal Plain of Georgia, and Alabama.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Pike County, Alabama; 1910.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to approximately 13 inches (A, E horizons).
Argillic horizon - the zone from approximately 13 to 65 inches (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4 horizons).