LOCATION JERAULD SDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Leptic Natrustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Jerauld loam - on concave slope of less than 1 percent in native grass. When described the soil was moist throughout. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
E--0 to 3 inches; gray (l0YR 5/1) loam, very dark gray (l0YR 3/1) moist; weak thin platy structure parting to weak fine granular; hard, friable; neutral; abrupt irregular boundary. (1 to 5 inches thick)
Btn1--3 to 5 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; moderate medium columnar structure; very hard, very firm, sticky, and plastic; thin continuous gray (10YR 6/1) coatings on tops of columns; common fine roots; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.
Btn2--5 to 9 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; very hard, very firm, sticky, and plastic; common fine roots; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (Combined Btn horizon is 5 to 12 inches thick.)
Btnz--9 to 17 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/1) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse blocky; very hard, very firm, sticky, and plastic; common fine accumulations of salts; common fine roots; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
Bkz1--17 to 21 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky; very hard, firm, sticky, and plastic; few fine roots; common fine accumulations of carbonate; common fine accumulations of salts; slight effervescence; strongly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
Bkz2--21 to 41 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, sticky, and plastic; few fine roots; common fine and few medium accumulations of carbonate; common fine accumulations of salts; strong effervescence; strongly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined Bkz horizon is 6 to 45 inches thick.)
C--41 to 60 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) redox concetrations; massive; very hard, firm, sticky, and plastic; few fine accumulations of carbonate; few fine accumulations of gypsum and other salts; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Jerauld County, South Dakota; about 3 miles north and 2 1/4 miles east of Wessington Springs; 280 feet east and 100 feet south of the northwest corner, sec. 33, T. 108 N., R. 64 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to free carbonates is 6 to 25 inches. The natric horizon typically has ESP greater than 15 or SAR greater than 13 but ranges from 10 to 25. Some pedons have A1 horizons 1 to 2 inches thick.
The A1 horizon, when present, has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5 and 2 or 3 moist, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is silt loam or loam.
The E horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7 and 3 to 5 moist, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is silty clay loam, loam, silty clay, or silt loam. It ranges from moderately acid to neutral.
The Btn horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5 and 2 or 3 moist, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is clay loam, clay, or silty clay averaging between 35 and 60 percent clay. It ranges from neutral to moderately alkaline. Accumulations of salts are in the lower part of most pedons.
The Bkz horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6 and 3 to 5 moist, and chroma of 1 to 3. It is silty clay, clay, or clay loam. Accumulations of gypsum, salts and carbonate range from few to many and fine or medium. The Bkz horizon is moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y; value of 5 to 7 and 4 to 6 moist; and chroma of 1 to 4. Most pedons have redox features below depth of 30 inches. The C horizon is silty clay loam, clay loam, silty clay, or clay. It ranges from slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline. Shale fragments are common in the lower part of the C horizon in some pedons.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bavaria, Gayville, and Weta series. Bavaria soils formed in silty alluvium and have an annual temperature above 50 degrees F. Gayville and Weta soils formed in stratified loamy and silty alluvium. In addition Weta soils receive less rainfall.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Jerauld soils are nearly level to gently sloping on plane or slightly concave slopes of glacial till plains that have slight microrelief. Jerauld soils formed in clay loam glacial till or in local clayey alluvium underlain by glacial till. Slope gradients range from 0 to 6 percent. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 45 to 50 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation from 17 to 24 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Beadle, Cavo, Clarno, DeGrey, Demky, Dudley, Glenham, Houdek, Lane, Raber, and Stickney soils. Beadle and Lane soils do not have a natric horizon and are on flats between the small depressions. Cavo, DeGrey, Demky, Dudley, and Stickney soils do not have visible salts above depths of 16 inches and all are in the same landscapes. The well drained Clarno, Glenham, and Houdek soils are fine-loamy. These soils are on the plane to convex rises in the landscape.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well or somewhat poorly drained. Surface runoff is low to high depending on slope. Permeability is slow or very slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly in native range. Native grasses are western wheatgrass, blue grama, inland saltgrass, and buffalo grass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and south-central South Dakota. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jerauld County, South Dakota, 1951.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of about 17 inches (E, Btn1, Btn2, and Btnz horizons); natric horizon - the zone from about 3 to 17 inches (Btn1, Btn2, and Btnz horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA: Lincoln Data 71L342-71L350, 71L369-71L76.