LOCATION KINAK AK
Tentative Series
MPS
10/2024
KINAK SERIES
Depth class: very deep
Drainage class: well drained
Parent material: gravelly loamy colluvium derived from graywacke
Landscape: mountains, hills
Landform: mountain slopes, hillslopes
Slopes: 5 to 65 percent
Mean annual precipitation: about 400 mm (15.7 in)
Mean annual air temperature: about -3 degrees C. (27 degrees F.)
Frost-free period: 70 to 90 days
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive Typic Humicryepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Kinak gravelly silt loam in a burned black spruce forest with ericaceous understory community on an east facing convex, linear backslope on a slope of 38 percent at an elevation of 235m (771 ft)
Oe--0 to 8 cm (0 to 3 in); moderately decomposed plant material; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) broken face moist, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) broken face dry; many very fine and fine roots throughout; noneffervescent; extremely acid (pH 3.9); clear wavy boundary. (4 to 14 cm, 2 to 6 in thick)
A--8 to 19 cm (3 to 8 in); gravelly silt loam; black (10YR 2/1) broken face moist, dark gray (10YR 4/1) broken face dry; weak very fine granular structure; friable, slightly hard, nonsticky, nonplastic; nonsmeary; many very fine and fine roots throughout; few very fine dendritic tubular pores; 30 percent gravel; noneffervescent; extremely acid (pH 4.4); clear smooth boundary. (8 to 30 cm, 3 to 12 in thick)
Bw1--19 to 50 cm (8 to 20 in); very gravelly silt loam; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) broken face moist, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) broken face dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly hard, nonsticky, nonplastic; nonsmeary; common very fine and fine roots throughout; few very fine dendritic tubular pores; 50 percent gravel; noneffervescent; extremely acid (pH 3.9); clear smooth boundary. (12 to 40 cm, 5 to 16 in thick)
Bw2--50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in); extremely gravelly silt loam; brown (10YR 4/3) broken face moist, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) broken face dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly hard, nonsticky, nonplastic; nonsmeary; few medium and common fine interstitial pores; 65 percent gravel; noneffervescent; extremely acid (pH 4.2); clear smooth boundary. (20 to 60 cm, 8 to 24 in thick)
C--100 to 200 cm (40 to 79 in); extremely gravelly silt loam; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) broken face moist, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) broken face dry; massive; friable, slightly hard, nonsticky, nonplastic; nonsmeary; few medium and common fine interstitial pores; 70 percent gravel; noneffervescent; very strongly acid (pH 4.5)
TYPE LOCATION: Nulato Hills - Continental Divide and Blackburn Hills Soil Survey Area, Alaska; latitude 64.1376944, longitude -160.2389166, datum WGS84, UTM north 7112944.58 and UTM east 439703.17, zone 4, datum WGS84.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture regime: udic
Soil temperature regime: cryic
Mean annual soil temperature: 0 to 3 degrees C. (32 to 37 degrees F.)
Thickness of organic material: 4 to 14 cm (2 to 6 in)
Thickness of umbric epipedon: 20 to 70 cm (8 to 28 in)
Thickness of cambic horizon: 20 to 60 cm (8 to 24 in)
Oe horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 2 to 6 moist,4 to 8 dry
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: moderately decomposed material
Organic matter: 60 to 90 percent
Reaction class: ultra acid to very strongly acid (pH 3 to 5)
A horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 2 or 2.5 moist, 4 dry
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt, silt loam or their gravelly analogues
Sand: 5 to 40 percent
Silt: 50 to 93 percent
Clay: 2 to 10 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 34 percent
Organic matter: 2 to 8 percent
Reaction class: ultra acid to very strongly acid (pH 3 to 5)
Bw1 horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 2 to 3 moist, 4 to 5 dry
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam, loam or their gravelly analogues
Sand: 10 to 45 percent
Silt: 38 to 80 percent
Clay: 3 to 17 percent
Rock fragments: 15 to 59 percent
Organic matter: 2 to 8 percent
Reaction class: extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)
Bw2 horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 moist, 6 to 7 dry
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silt loam, loam or their gravelly analogues
Sand: 10 to 45 percent
Silt: 38 to 80 percent
Clay: 3 to 17 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 75 percent
Organic matter: 1 to 5 percent
Reaction class: extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)
C horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5 moist, 6 to 7 dry
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silt loam, loam or their gravelly analogues
Sand: 10 to 50 percent
Silt: 38 to 80 percent
Clay: 2 to 12 percent
Rock fragments: 50 to 85 percent
Organic matter: 0.4 to 3 percent
Reaction class: extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Atayak,
Bergbay,
Ibach, MountMcDonald,
Springcamp,
Tolstoipoint (AK),
Moran (CO, ID, WY), McCall (ID),
Buell (UT), and
Walcott (WY) series.
Atayak soils have a lithic contact at depths between 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in), lack an organic surface, and have a mean annual air temperature range of -3 to 2 degrees C. (26 to 35 degrees F.)
Bergbay soils have a lithic contact at depths between 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in), lack a cambic horizon, and have a mean annual air temperature range of 3 to 8 degrees C. (37 to 46 degrees F.)
Ibach soils lack a cambic horizon, and have a mean annual air temperature range of 1 to 9 degrees C. (34 to 48 degrees F.)
MountMcDonald soils have a paralithic contact at depths between 25 to 50 cm (10 to 20 in), lack a cambic horizon, and have a mean annual air temperature range of -6 to -2 degrees C. (21 to 28 degrees F.)
Springcamp soils have a paralithic contact at depths between 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in), lack a cambic horizon, and have a mean annual air temperature range of -5 to -1 degrees C. (23 to 30 degrees F.)
Tolstoipoint soils have a mean annual air temperature range of -6 to -2 degrees C. (21 to 28 degrees F.)
Moran soils lack an organic surface, and have a mean annual air temperature range of -3 to 2 degrees C. (26 to 35 degrees F.)
McCall soils have a sandy-skeletal substratum, and have a mean annual air temperature range of 4 to 5 degrees C. (39 to 42 degrees F.)
Buell soils lack an organic surface, and have a mean annual air temperature of 6 degrees C. (43 degrees F.)
Walcott soils lack an organic surface, and have a mean annual air temperature range of -1 to 1 degrees C. (30 to 34 degrees F.)
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation: 100 to 430 meters (330 to 1410 feet)
Parent material: gravelly loamy colluvium derived from graywacke
Landform: mountain slopes, hillslopes
Slopes: 5 to 65 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 300 to 500 mm (12 to 20 in)
Mean annual air temperature: -6 to -1 degrees C. (21 to 30 degrees F.)
Frost free period: 70 to 90 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Aklak,
Cilla,
Continentaldivide, Ingik, Managaarak,
Nunanjiak, Tagluk, and Umilguk soils.
Aklak soils have a lithic contact at depths between 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in), have a fragmental layer starting at depths between 22 to 78 cm (9 to 31 in), have a mollic epipedon, lack a cambic horizon, have a fragmental particle size class, have a gelic soil temperature regime, and occur on mountainflanks, upper and center thirds
Cilla soils have aquic conditions starting between 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in), have redox depletions with chroma of 2 or less starting within 65 cm (26 in), have an ochric epipedon, have an isotic mineralogy class, and occur on nose slopes, backslopes, footslopes, shoulders
Continentaldivide soils have a lithic contact at depths between 25 to 50 cm (10 to 20 in), have a mollic epipedon, lack a cambic horizon, have a gelic soil temperature regime, and occur on ridges
Ingik soils have a paralithic contact at depths between 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in), have an ochric epipedon, lack a cambic horizon, and occur on mountainflanks, upper third
Managaark soils have a lithic contact at depths between 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in), have a fragmental layer starting at depths between 41 to 93 cm (16 to 37 in), have an ochric epipedon, lack a cambic horizon, have a gelic soil temperature regime, and occur on mountainflanks, upper third
Nunanjiak soils have a paralithic contact at depths between 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in), have a folistic epipedon, have andic soil properties, can have spodic materials, have a medial over loamy-skeletal particle size class, and occur on similar landforms on head slopes and mountainflanks, center third
Tagluk soils have a folistic epipedon, have a mollic epipedon, and occur on similar landforms on headslopes and mountainflanks
Umilguk soils have aquic conditions starting between 25 to 50 cm (10 to 20 in), have a reduced matrix within 65 cm (26 in), have a mollic epipedon, lack a cambic horizon, have a coarse-loamy particle size class, and occur on nose slopes and mountainflanks, lower third
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class: well drained
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: very high in the Oe horizon, moderately high to high in the A, Bw1, Bw2, and C horizons
Permeability: rapid to very rapid in the Oe horizon, moderate in the A horizon, and moderate to moderately rapid in the Bw1, Bw2, and C horizon
Runoff: medium to high
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use: wildlife habitat, recreation, and subsistence
Native vegetation: fireweed, lingonberry, juniper polytrichum moss, dwarf birch, sphagnum, beauverd spirea, marsh Labrador tea, cloudberry, bog blueberry, Siberian alder, Alaska wild rhubarb, spreading woodfern, bluejoint, smallawned sedge, black spruce
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 240, Nulato Hills-Southern Seward Peninsula Highlands. The series is of moderate extent.
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Wasilla, Alaska
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Nulato Hills - Continental Divide and Blackburn Hills Soil Survey, Alaska, 2024.
REMARKS: Diagnostic features and horizons recognized in this profile include:
Particle-size control section: 33 to 108 cm (13 to 43 in)
Umbric epipedon: 8 to 50 cm (3 to 20 in) (A and Bw1 horizons)
Cambic horizon: 50 to 100 cm (20 to 39 in) (Bw2 horizon)
ADDITIONAL DATA:
User pedon ID: 2021AK180756
This series is often found within forest fire seres.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.