LOCATION MAYVILLE WI+IL
Established Series
Rev. HFG-AAC
02/2021
MAYVILLE SERIES
The Mayville series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils formed in loess and the underlying till on ground moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 15 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 762 mm (30 inches). Mean annual air temperature is about 9.4 degrees C (49 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Mayville silt loam - on a 4 percent slope in a pasture at an elevation of about 317 meters (1,040 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. [15 to 23 cm (6 to 9 inches) thick]
E--15 to 20 cm (6 to 8 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; moderate medium platy structure; very friable; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [0 to 13 cm (0 to 5 inches) thick]
BE--20 to 31 cm (8 to 12 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; neutral; clear smooth boundary. [0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 inches) thick]
Bt1--31 to 61 cm (12 to 24 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common faint dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; few fine faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and few distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron in the lower part of the horizon; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--61 to 71 cm (24 to 28 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common faint very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; few medium faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) iron-manganese accumulations in the matrix; neutral; clear smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bt horizons ranges from 31 to 76 cm (12 to 30 inches).]
2Bt3--71 to 81 cm (28 to 32 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam in the lower part; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few faint very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; few medium faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) iron-manganese accumulations in the matrix; about 3 percent gravel; slightly effervescent in the lower part; neutral; clear smooth boundary. [8 to 31 cm (3 to 12 inches) thick]
2C--81 to 152 cm (32 to 60 inches); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) gravelly sandy loam; massive; friable; few medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses of oxidized iron and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; about 17 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Washington County, Wisconsin; about 2 miles north of Hartford; 1,450 feet south and 210 feet east from the northwest corner of sec. 8, T. 10 N., R. 18 E. USGS Hartford West Wisconsin topographic quadrangle; Lat. 43 degrees 21 minutes 00 seconds north; Long. 88 degrees 23 minutes 51 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16T, 0386731 easting 480063 northing, NAD 83..
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 61 to 112 cm (24 to 44 inches)
Thickness of the loess mantle: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Particle-size control section: averages 27 to 35 percent clay
Volume of gravel in the till: 3 to 30 percent
Volume of cobbles in the till: 0 to 5 percent
Volume of stones: 0 to 1 percent throughout the soil
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral in the most of the solum, slightly alkaline in the lower part in some pedons; slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline in the substratum
Redox accumulations and saturation: within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches); redox depletions with chroma of 2 or less below the upper 25 cm (10 inches) of the argillic horizon
Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5, value dry is 6 or more.
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: silt loam
A horizon [less than 13 cm (5 inches) thick]:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam.
E horizon (where present):
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam
BE horizon (where present):
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: silt loam
Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4
Chroma; 3 or 4, value and chroma of 3 do not occur together.
Texture: silty clay loam but some pedons have subhorizons of silt loam.
2Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: clay loam, sandy clay loam, or loam.
Other features:
A thin organic matter and clay rich 2Bt horizon (Beta B") with value and chroma of 2 or 3 is present in many pedons just above the 2C horizon.
2C horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam or the gravelly analogues of these textures
Other features:
Clay content is less than 20 percent.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Baraboo,
Birkbeck,
Cadiz,
Campton,
Elco,
Eleroy,
Hedrick,
Homen,
Inton,
Iona,
Libre,
Minnith,
Newvienna,
Redbud,
Rocheport,
Rockfield,
Somonauk,
Uniontown,
Winfield, and
Zurich series. Baraboo soils have a lithic contact with quartzite at a depth of 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches). Birkbeck soils have a loess mantle more than 40 inches thick to the discontinuity with till and are more than 102 cm (40 inches) deep to carbonates. Cadiz soils have more than 27 percent clay in the lower part of the series control section. Campton soils are more than 102 cm (40 inches) deep to carbonates. Elco, Hedrick,
Homer, Inton, Libre, Minnith, Newvienna, and Winfield soils do not have carbonates within the series control section. Eleroy and Rocheport soils have a paralithic contact at a depth of 102 to 152 cm (40 to 60 inches). Iona and Uniontown soils have more than 50 percent silt and less than 10 percent sand throughout the series control section.
Morningsun and Somonauk soils are more than 40 inches deep to carbonates. Redbud soils have more than 20 percent clay in the lower part of the series control section and are more than 102 cm (40 inches) deep to carbonates. Rockfield soils have a densic contact in the lower part of the series control section. Zurich soil are stratified in the lower part of the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Mayville soils typically are on ground moraines. Slopes range from 0 to 15 percent. The soils formed in loess and in the underlying till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 710 to 940 mm (28 to 37 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from 7.8 to 11.1 degrees C (46 to 52 degrees F). The frost free period ranges from about 120 to 180 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Dodge,
Lamartine, and
St. Charles soils. The well drained Dodge soils and the somewhat poorly drained Lamartine soils form a drainage sequence with Mayville soils. St. Charles soils occupy contiguous areas of similar slopes where loess thickens to greater than 102 cm (40 inches).
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. The potential for surface runoff is low or medium. saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high to high (4.23 to 14.11 micrometer per second) in the solum and moderately high (1.41 to 4.23 micrometer per second) in the substratum. Permeability is moderate in the solum and moderately slow in the substratum. Mayville soils have a perched seasonal high water table at a depth of 61 to 107 cm (2.0 to 3.5 feet) for 1 month or more per year, at some time during November to April, in 6 or more out of 10 years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Much of the soil is used for cropland. Common crops are corn, small grain, and hay. Some canning crops such as peas and sweet corn are also grown. Native vegetation is primarily deciduous forest. Common trees are northern red oak, white oak, American basswood, sugar maple, white ash, and bitternut hickory.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 95A, 95B, and 108A in southeastern Wisconsin and northeastern and central Illinois. These soils are of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Washington County, Wisconsin, 1967.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - 0 to 31 cm (0 to 12 inches) (Ap, E, BE); argillic horizon - 31 to 81 cm (12 to 32 inches) (Bt1, Bt2, and 2Bt3); oxyaquic feature - redox features and saturation within 102 cm (40 inches).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.