LOCATION OSOLO IN
Established Series
Rev. RAB-FF-TRZ
09/2012
OSOLO SERIES
The Osolo series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in sandy sediments on outwash terraces and outwash plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 5 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 965 mm (38 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 10.0 degrees C (50 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Mixed, mesic Typic Udipsamments
TYPICAL PEDON: Osolo loamy sand, on a 0.5 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 237 meters (776 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 23 cm (9 inches); dark brown (10YR 3/3) loamy sand, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots; 1 percent gravel; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. [20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 inches) thick]
Bw1--23 to 38 cm (9 to 15 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) loamy sand; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; few very fine and fine roots; 1 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw2--38 to 51 cm (15 to 20 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) loamy sand; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; few very fine and fine roots; 1 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
Bw3--51 to 64 cm (20 to 25 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) loamy sand; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; few very fine and fine roots; 2 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw4--64 to 74 cm (25 to 29 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) sand; single grain; loose; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw5--74 to 102 cm (29 to 40 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) sand; single grain; loose; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bw horizon is 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches).]
BC1--102 to 122 cm (40 to 48 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine sand; single grain; loose; few medium faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions in the matrix; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
BC2--122 to 168 cm (48 to 66 inches); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) fine sand; single grain; loose; many medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron in the matrix; many medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the BC horizon is 20 to 76 cm (8 to 30 inches).]
CB--168 to 203 cm (66 to 80 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine sand; single grain; loose; many medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions in the matrix; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Elkhart County, Indiana; about 1/4 mile east of Heaton Lake; 2,583 feet west and 1,666 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 24, T. 38 N., R. 5 E.; USGS Elkhart, IN topographic quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 44 minutes 4 seconds N. and long. 85 degrees 53 minutes 23 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 592332 easting and 4620894 northing, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 152 to more than 203 cm (60 to more than 80 inches)
Depth to sand or fine sand: 51 to 127 cm (20 to 50 inches)
Depth to redoximorphic features: 102 to 183 cm (40 to 72 inches)
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral throughout the series control section
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent gravel throughout the series control section
Particle-size control section: silt content plus clay content averages more than 10 percent, and fine sand content averages less than 50 percent
Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: loamy sand
A horizon: (where present)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: loamy sand
Bw horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: loamy sand in the upper part and sand or fine sand in the lower part
BC, CB, or C horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: sand or fine sand
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Acquango,
Aldo,
Bigapple,
Biltmore,
Boplain,
Breeze (T),
Caesar,
Chute,
Dabney,
Hodge,
Oakville,
Pahuk,
Penwood,
Perks,
Pinegrove,
Plainfield,
Poquonock,
Ronda,
Samoa,
Sardak,
Sarpy,
Scotah,
Spessard,
Suncook,
Tyner,
Wapanucket, and
Windsor series. Acquango, Aldo, Bigapple, Caesar, Chute, Dabney, Hodge, Pahuk, Penwood, Perks, Pinegrove, Poquonock, Ronda, Sardak, Scotah, Spessard, Suncook, Wapanucket, and Windsor soils are less than 152 cm (60 inches) to the base of soil development. Biltmore soils have mica flakes throughout the series control section. Boplain soils have a paralithic contact between 51 and 102 cm (20 and 40 inches). Breeze soils contains 10 percent construction debris that behaves similarly to rock fragments. Oakville, Plainfield, and Sarpy soils average less than 10 percent silt plus clay in the particle-size control section. Samoa soils do not have a Bw horizon. Tyner soils average less than 50 percent fine and very fine sand in the particle-size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Osolo soils are on swells on outwash terraces and outwash plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 5 percent. Osolo soils formed in sandy sediments of mixed lithology. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 813 to 1016 mm (32 to 40 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 10.0 to 11.1 degrees C (50 to 52 degrees F). Frost-free period is 130 to 180 days. Elevation is 177 to 311 meters (580 to 1,020 feet) above mean sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Brems,
Morocco, and
Tyner soils. The moderately well drained Brems soils and the somewhat poorly drained Morocco soils are on slightly lower positions. The excessively drained Tyner soils are on slightly higher positions.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Depth to the top of an apparent seasonal high water table ranges from 107 to 183 cm (3.5 to 6 feet) for some time in normal years. Potential for surface runoff is negligible. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is high or very high. Permeability is rapid.
USE AND VEGETATION: Soils are mostly used to grow corn, soybeans, alfalfa, and truck-crops. Irrigation is used extensively in cropped areas. Non-irrigated areas are used to grow small grains and grass-legume mixtures for hay and pasture. Native vegetation is deciduous forest.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 97, 98, and 111C in north-central and northwestern Indiana. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Elkhart County, Indiana, 1997.
REMARKS: Series was developed to replace soils mapped as Tyner, wet substratum in the Elkhart County soil survey update.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 23 cm (9 inches) (Ap).
Redoximorphic features: present in horizons below a depth of 122 cm (48 inches).
NASIS Data Mapunit ID 124293 represents the typical pedon.
NASIS Data Mapunit ID 124294 represents the 1 to 5 percent slope phase.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab characterization data for the typical pedon (S90IN-039-005) is available from the National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE. Transect data for the typical pedon (T90IN-039-017) is on file at the MLRA office in Plymouth, Indiana. Transect shows 95 percent Osolo soils and 5 percent Coloma soils.
A study was conducted within the map unit of the type location using ground penetrating radar (GPR). At the time of the study the GPR showed the water table to be between 71 and 92 inches and that it generally occurred about 20 inches below the upper boundary of redoximorphic features. There are water table monitoring pipes with attached data loggers. Data has been gathered for about 2 years and shows that the water table ranges from 54.4 to 88.2 inches below the surface.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.