LOCATION PAINTCREEK IAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Paintcreek silt loam, on a southeast-facing, convex slope of 12 percent, in a pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 15 centimeters (0 to 6 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. [13 to 23 centimeters (5 to 9 inches) thick]
BE--15 to 28 centimeters (6 to 11 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. [0 to 15 centimeters (0 to 6 inches) thick]
Bt1--28 to 38 centimeters (11 to 15 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. [8 to 25 centimeters (3 to 10 inches) thick]
2Bt2--38 to 61 centimeters (15 to 24 inches); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many distinct reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; about 5 percent rock fragments (2 to 75 millimeters in diameter); about 5 percent cobbles (75 to 250 millimeters in diameter); strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
2Bt3--61 to 89 centimeters (24 to 35 inches); red (2.5YR 4/6) clay; strong fine subangular blocky structure; firm; many distinct red (2.5YR 4/6) clay films on faces of peds; about 5 percent rock fragments (2 to 75 millimeters in diameter); about 10 percent cobbles (75 to 250 millimeters in diameter); very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
2Bt4--89 to 109 centimeters (35 to 43 inches); red (2.5YR 4/6) cobbly clay; strong fine subangular blocky structure; firm; many distinct reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; many distinct black (10YR 2/1) manganese or iron-manganese coats on faces of peds; about 5 percent rock fragments (2 to 75 millimeters in diameter); about 25 percent cobbles (75 to 250 millimeters in diameter); about 5 percent flagstones (250 to 600 millimeters in diameter); very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizon is 35 to 75 centimeters (14 to 30 inches).]
3Bt5--109 to 152 centimeters (43 to 60 inches); yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay; weak fine subangular blocky structure; firm; many distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay films on faces of peds; many distinct black (10YR 2/1) manganese or iron-manganese coats on faces of peds; about 5 percent rock fragments (2 to 75 millimeters in diameter); about 10 percent cobbles (75 to 250 millimeters in diameter); about 5 percent flagstones (250 to 600 millimeters in diameter); very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 105-Northern Mississippi Valley Loess Hills; Allamakee County, Iowa subset; about 4 miles west of New Albin; about 23 meters (75 feet) west and 472 meters (1,550 feet) north of the southeast corner of section 7, T. 100 N., R. 4 W.; USGS New Albin quadrangle; lat. 43 degrees 29 minutes 25 seconds N. and long. 91 degrees 21 minutes 4 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the loess--13 to 51 centimeters (5 to 20 inches)
Depth to dolomite bedrock--152 to more than 203 centimeters (60 to more than 80 inches)
Clay content of the particle-size control section (weighted average)--40 to 60 percent
Sand content of the particle-size control section (weighted average)--15 to 35 percent
Ap horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--3 to 5
Chroma--2 or 3
Texture--silt loam
Clay content--12 to 25 percent
Sand content--less than 10 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent, channers
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral
Special features--when mixed to a depth of 18 centimeters (7 inches), matrix value is more than 3, moist, 6 or 7, dry
A horizon (when present):
Hue--10YR
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--silt loam
Clay content--12 to 25 percent
Sand content--less than 10 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent, channers
Reaction--moderately acid to neutral
Thickness--0 to 10 centimeters (0 to 4 inches)
E horizon (when present):
Hue--10YR
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--2 or 3
Texture--silt loam
Clay content--12 to 25 percent
Sand content--less than 10 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent, channers
Reaction--strongly acid to slightly acid
Thickness--0 to 20 centimeters (0 to 8 inches)
Bt horizon:
Hue--7.5YR or 10YR
Value--4 or 5
Chroma--3 to 6
Texture--silt loam or silty clay loam
Clay content--20 to 30 percent
Sand content--less than 10 percent
Rock fragment content--0 to 15 percent, channers
Reaction--strongly acid to slightly acid
2Bt horizon:
Hue--2.5YR, 5YR, or 7.5YR
Value--3 to 7
Chroma--3 to 8
Texture--clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, clay, and the cobbly or the channery analogs of these textures
Clay content--35 to 70 percent
Sand content--15 to 35 percent
Rock fragment content (channers or cobbles)--5 to 35 percent
Rock fragment content (flagstones or stones)--0 to 5 percent
Reaction--extremely acid to moderately acid
3Bt horizon:
Hue--2.5YR, 5YR, or 7.5YR
Value--3 to 7
Chroma--3 to 8
Texture--clay, silty clay, and the cobbly or the channery analogs of these textures
Clay content--50 to 70 percent
Sand content--15 to 25 percent
Rock fragment content (channers or cobbles)--5 to 35 percent
Rock fragment content (flagstones or stones)--0 to 5 percent
Reaction--extremely acid to moderately acid
4C horizon (when present):
Hue--5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--4 to 6
Texture--stratified sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, sandy clay, or clay loam and the cobbly, channery or flaggy analogs of these textures
Clay content--15 to 50 percent
Sand content--30 to 60 percent
Rock fragment content (channers or cobbles)--5 to 35 percent
Rock fragment content (flagstones or stones)--0 to 25 percent
Reaction--extremely acid to moderately acid
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Briggsville,
Chrome,
Edenton,
Eldean,
Lamoille,
Newnata,
Redbrush,
Upshur, and
Wynn series.
Briggsville--have carbonates within depths of 51 to 102 centimeters (20 to 40 inches)
Chrome--have a lithic contact with serpentine bedrock within depths of 51 to 102 centimeters (20 to 40 inches)
Edenton--have a paralithic contact with calcareous shale and limestone within depths of 51 to 102 centimeters (20 to 40 inches)
Eldean--have carbonates within depths of 46 to 91 centimeters (18 to 36 inches)
Lamoille--have a rock fragment of more than 35 percent in the lower half of the series control section and have matrix hues of 10YR or 2.5Y in the lower third of the series control section
Newnata--have a lithic contact with limestone bedrock within depths of 102 to 152 centimeters (40 to 60 inches)
Redbrush--have a lithic contact with mafic gneiss bedrock within depths of 51 to 152 centimeters (20 to 40 inches)
Upshur--have a sand content of less than 10 percent sand in the particle-size control section
Wynn--have a paralithic contact with calcareous Ordovician shale and thin jointed strata of limestone within depths of 51 to 102 centimeters (20 to 40 inches)
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--13 to 51 centimeters (5 to 20 inches) of loess over clayey pedisediment and the underlying residuum from dolomite
Landform--side slopes, nose slopes, and head slopes on dissected uplands
Slopes--5 to 30 percent
Elevation--213 to 427 meters (700 to 1,400 feet) above sea level
Mean annual air temperature--7 to 10 degrees C (45 to 50 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation--74 to 84 centimeters (29 to 33 inches)
Frost-free period--145 to 160 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Allamakee,
Fayette,
Lacrescent, and
Village soils.
Allamakee--are at higher elevations on summits and side slopes and have 51 to 102 centimeters (20 to 40 inches) of loess over clayey pedisediment or residuum from dolomite
Fayette--are at higher elevations on ridgetops and do not have rock fragments in the series control section
Lacrescent--are at lower elevations on side slopes and base slopes and have a rock fragment content of 35 to 70 percent in the particle-size control section
Village--are at slightly higher elevations on side slopes, have a clay content of 22 to 30 percent in the particle-size control section, and have 51 to 102 centimeters (20 to 40 inches) of loess over clayey pedisediment or residuum from dolomite
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class--well drained--a frequently saturated zone does not occur within a depth of 1.8 meters (6 feet) in normal years
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--moderately high in the upper sediments and moderately low in the clayey pedisediment or residuum
Surface runoff potential--medium or high, depending on slope
USE AND VEGETATION:
The less sloping areas are pastured. The steeper slopes are wooded. The native vegetation is deciduous trees (oak).
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic division--Interior plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic section--Wisconsin driftless section
MLRA-Northern Mississippi Valley Loess Hills (105)
LRR M; northeastern Iowa
Extent--moderate
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Allamakee County, Iowa, 1991
REMARKS:
Particle-size control section--the zone from 28 to 78 centimeters (11 to 31 inches) (Bt1, 2Bt2, and 2Bt3 horizons);
series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 152 centimeters (0 to 60 inches) (Ap, BE, Bt1, 2Bt2, 2Bt3, 2Bt4, and 3Bt5 horizons).
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
ochric epipedon--the zone from the surface to a depth of 15 centimeters (0 to 6 inches) (Ap horizon);
argillic horizon--the zone from a depth of 28 to 152 centimeters (11 to 60 inches) (Bt1, 2Bt2, 2Bt3, 2Bt4, and 3Bt5 horizons);
udic moisture regime.
Cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area.
Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, ninth edition, 2003.