LOCATION WYNN OH+IN

Established Series
Rev. NKL-DRM-TJE
11/2021

WYNN SERIES

The Wynn series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils formed in a thin layer of loess, loamy till, and the underlying calcareous clayey shale with thin strata of limestone. Slope ranges from 1 to 50 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1016 mm (40 inches), and mean annual air temperature is about 12 degrees C (54 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Wynn silt loam - on a southeast-facing slope of 8 percent in a grass-clover pasture at an elevation of about 279 meters (915 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 20 cm (0 to 8 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; many roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. [10 to 25 cm (4 to 10 inches) thick]

BA--20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silty clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common roots; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. [0 to 15 cm (6 inches) thick]

Bt1--30 to 41 cm (12 to 16 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common roots; common distinct brown (7.5YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. [8 to 25 cm (3 to 10 inches) thick]

2Bt2--41 to 53 cm (16 to 21 inches); dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) clay; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine roots; few distinct brown (7.5YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; fine root channels and voids lined with brown (7.5YR 4/2) coatings; 8 percent rock fragments including 3 percent limestone fragments; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

2Bt3--53 to 66 cm (21 to 26 inches); dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) clay; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few roots; few distinct brown (7.5YR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds; 10 percent rock fragments including 4 percent limestone fragments; neutral; clear wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizon is 10 to 46 cm (4 to 18 inches).]

2BC--66 to 74 cm (26 to 29 inches); variegated dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) (70 percent) and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) (30 percent) clay; weak coarse subangular structure; firm; few roots; 10 percent rock fragments including 4 percent limestone fragments; neutral; clear smooth boundary. [0 to 25 cm (10 inches) thick]

3C--74 to 84 cm (29 to 33 inches); variegated olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) (65 percent) and dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) (35 percent) clay and clay loam; massive; firm; olive brown material is strongly effervescent, dark reddish brown material is slightly effervescent; 10 percent thin limestone fragments; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. [0 to 15 cm (6 inches) thick]

3Cr--84 cm (33 inches); interbedded Ordovician calcareous clay shale and limestone.

TYPE LOCATION: Butler County, Ohio; about 0.8 mile southeast of Somerville, in Milford Township; 1580 feet north and 1075 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 2, T. 5 N., R. 2 E.; 2/3 mile east of old U.S. Highway 127, 1000 feet south of State Highway 744.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Depth to a paralithic contact: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Thickness of the loess mantle: 25 to 56 cm (10 to 22 inches)
Rock fragments: mainly glacial pebbles and stones including a high proportion of limestone fragments

Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 (6 or more dry)
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam
Reaction: strongly acid to neutral

Some pedons have a thin A horizon and an E horizon.

Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR and less commonly 5YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Reaction: strongly acid to slightly acid

Some pedons have a BE or B/E horizon.

2Bt or 2BC horizon:
Hue: commonly 10YR, 7.5YR, or 5YR, but ranges to 2.5Y in lower horizons
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, clay, or silty clay
Rock fragment content: 2 to 14 percent
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral (2Bt), neutral to moderately alkaline (2BC)

2C horizon, where present: is clay loam or gravelly clay loam till where the depth to the paralithic contact is near the maximum of 102 cm (40 inches). Rock fragment content ranges from 2 to 25 percent.

3C horizon and 3BC horizon, where present:
Hue: 2.5Y or 5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: commonly clay or clay loam; but some pedons have gravelly, channery, very channery, flaggy, or very flaggy analogs of these textures
Rock fragment content: 4 to 50 percent limestone fragments and some pebbles
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline and carbonates are present

Cr horizon:
Bedrock: interbedded calcareous Ordovician shale and thin jointed strata of limestone

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Briggsville, Chrome, Edenton, Eldean, Lamoille, Newnata, Paintcreek, Redbrush, Upshur, and Woodsfield series. Briggsville, Eldean, Lamoille, Newnata, Paintcreek, Upshur, and Woodsfield soils do not have a paralithic contact within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches). Chrome and Redbrush soils have a lithic contact within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches). Edenton soils have a loess mantle that is less than 25 cm (10 inches) thick.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Wynn soils are on areas of Late Wisconsin glaciation, typically on terrain of relatively higher elevation with bedrock controlled topography. Slope ranges from 1 to 50 percent. The soils formed in 25 to 56 cm (10 to 22 inches) of loess and in the underlying layer of weathered till overlying interbedded calcareous shale and thin strata of limestone. Mean annual precipitation ranges from about 940 to 1067 mm (37 to 42 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from about 11 to 13 degrees C (52 to 55 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Eden, Dana, Miamian, Russell, and Xenia soils. Eden soils are on steeper dissected areas. Dana, Miamian, Russell, and Xenia soils all are on lower elevations not controlled by bedrock and broad interfluves that have thicker till deposits. They lack the interbedded shale and limestone within 102 cm (40 inches), and Dana soils also have a mollic epipedon.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. The potential for surface runoff ranges from low to very high depending on the slope gradient. Moderately high or moderately low saturated hydraulic conductivity. Moderately slow or slow permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the Wynn soils are cultivated. Principal crops are corn, soybeans, small grains, alfalfa, and grasses. Many of the more sloping, moderately to severely eroded areas are reverting to brushy pasture or forest. Hawthorn and osageorange brush, and bluegrass are in the more open pastured areas. Native vegetation is hardwood forest.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southwestern Ohio and southeastern Indiana; MLRA 111D. The series is of moderate extent; approximately 65,000 acres.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Butler County, Ohio; Indian Creek Watershed Project, 1938.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 30 cm (Ap, BA horizons).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 30 to 66 cm (Bt1, 2Bt2, 2Bt3 horizons).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory characterization data are available from The Ohio State University Soil Characterization Laboratory for profiles sampled in Butler County, Ohio: BR-1, BR-6, and BR-14.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.