LOCATION SHOREWOOD MN+IA
Established Series
Rev. RAL-CAJ-JJB
08/2013
SHOREWOOD SERIES
The Shorewood series consists of very deep, moderately well drained and somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in clayey glacial lacustrine sediments and underlying loamy calcareous till, sometimes beginning below the series control section, on glacial lake plains and moraines. Slopes range from 0 to 12 percent. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 610 to 930 milimeters. Mean annual air temperature is about 8 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Aquertic Argiudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Shorewood silty clay loam with a slightly convex 3 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 20 centimeters; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many roots; neutral (pH 7.0); abrupt smooth boundary.
A--20 to 28 centimeters; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam; weak and moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many roots; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of A horizons is 8 to 16 inches thick).
AB--28 to 43 centimeters; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) grading to very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) in lower part, silty clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate very fine and fine subangular and angular blocky structure; friable; many faint gray (10YR 5/1) coatings of clean silt and sand on faces of peds; few roots; slightly acid (pH 6.3); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick).
Bt1--43 to 61 centimeters; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay; weak and moderate fine and medium prismatic structure; firm; many faint very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; few distinct gray (10YR 6/1) coatings of clean sand and silt on faces of peds; strongly acid (pH 5.3); clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--61 to 84 centimeters; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) clay; common fine distinct olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) Fe concentrations; weak and moderate medium and coarse prismatic structure; firm; many faint very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) and few prominent black (10YR 2/1) clay films on faces of peds and in root channels; strongly acid (pH 5.3); clear smooth boundary.
Btg--84 to 99 centimeters; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay; common fine distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) Fe concentrations; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak and moderate fine and very fine subangular blocky; friable; common prominent black (10YR 2/1) clay fillings in root channels; slightly effervescent; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 18 to 38 inches).
2BCg--99 to 114 centimeters; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay loam; common fine distinct olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) Fe concentrations; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) and few prominent black (10YR 2/1) clay fillings in root channels; about 3 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear smooth boundary.
2Cg--114 to 200 centimeters; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam; common fine distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) Fe concentrations; massive with some horizontal cleavages; about 5 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6).
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 103 - Central Iowa and Minnesota Till Prairies; Blue Earth County, Minnesota; about 4 miles southeast of Mankato; 2300 feet east and 100 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 34, T. 108 N., R. 26 W.; USGS Beauford quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 6 minutes 33 seconds N. and long. 93 degrees 56 minutes 22 seconds W., NAD27. UTM zone 15N, 424819E, 4884427N.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the mollic epipedon - 25 to 56 centimeters
Depth to carbonates - 71 to 127 centimeters
Depth of lacustrine mantle - 76 or more centimeters
Ap or A horizon:
Hue--10YR
Value--2 or 3
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--silty clay loam or silty clay
Clay content--30 to 46 percent
Sand content--4 to 18 percent
Rock fragment content--0 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent--0 percent
Reaction--5.1 to 7.3
Thickness--25 to 56 centimeters
Some pedons have an indistinct E horizon.
Bt horizon:
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--3 to 6
Chroma--2 to 4
Texture--silty clay loam or silty clay
Clay content--36-55 percent
Sand content--2 to 7 percent
Rock fragment content--0 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent--0 percent
Reaction--5.1 to 7.3
Thickness--25 to 75 centimeters
Some pedons have a Bk horizon.
Some pedons have a loam or clay loam 2BC horizon.
2C horizon:
Hue--10YR or 2.5Y
Value--4 to 6
Chroma--2 to 4
Texture--loam, clay loam, sandy loam
Clay content--16 to 33 percent
Sand content--25 to 55 percent
Rock fragment content--1 to 15 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent--5 to 25 percent
Reaction--7.4 to 8.4
Some pedons lack 2C horizons within the control section. In this case, the C horizon is silt loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Adair,
Arisburg, Good Thunder,
Lagonda,
Grundy,
Chase,
Tina,
Greenton,
Martin,
Lamoni,
Macksburg,
Mahaska,
Mayberry, and
Wymore soils.
Adair-- has a control section sand content of greater than 15%
Arisburg-- do not have free carbonates in the series control section
Good Thunder--Is deep lacustrine: does not have a 2C horizon
Lagonda-- formed in loess with a higher content of sand
Arispe,
Grundy,
Seymour--formed in loess
Chase and
Tina--formed in alluvium and on stream terraces or flood plains
Greenton--formed in loess and residuum, and has a redder hue in the lower B horizons
Martin--has a 61-91cm thick mollic epipedon and has lower horizons formed in residuum.
Lamoni--formed in loess or pedisediment over paleosol till
Macksburg and
Mahaska--have a depth to carbonates that is greater than 150cm
Mayberry--has a redder hue and typically more sand.
Wymore--formed in loess and are in a warmer climate.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--fine lacustrine over fine loamy till
Landform--hillslopes on glacial lake plains and moraines
Slopes--0 to 12 percent
Elevation--210-560 meters above sea level
Mean annual air temperature--6 to 11 degrees C
Mean annual precipitation--610 to 930 Milimeters
Frost free period--140-180 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Good Thunder, and
Minnetonka soils.
Good Thunder--are on higher slopes and are in places that have a thicker lacustrine deposit.
Minnetonka--are on nearby level terrain with saturation close to the surface.
Barbert and
Lura--are in depressions and swales.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class -- moderately well and somewhat poorly drained. A zone of saturation is found between 30 to 80 centimeters during the wettest monts of normal years in the somewhat poorly drained phase. A zone of saturation is found between 50 to 1300 centimeters during the wettest monts of normal years in the moderately well drained phase.
Saturated hydraulic conductivity -- 0.42 to 4.23 micrometers per second in the upper part (moderately low to moderately high) and 4.23 to 14.11 micormeters per second (moderately high to high) in the underlying fine-loamy till.
USE AND VEGETATION:
Most areas are cultivated. The principal crops are corn, soybeans, and small grains. A small amount is in forest. Native vegetation is savanna and hardwood forests.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic Section--Western Lake section
MLRA--Central Iowa and Minnesota Till Prairies (103)
LRR M; south-central Minnesota and north-central Iowa
Extent--Inextensive
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hennepin County, Minnesota, 12/5/69.
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
mollic epipedon--the zone from the surface of the soil to 43 centimeters (Ap, A and AB horizons);
argillic horizon--the zone from 43 to 99 centimeters (Bt1, Bt2, and Btg horizons);
aquertic subgroup--a LE of 6.0 cm or more from the surface to 100 cm.
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Pedon 1969MN013103 is the typical pedon.
MAES CFC# 968; contains hard copy format lab data on this pedon.
________________________________________
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.