LOCATION WOODSFIELD OH+WVEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Woodsfield silt loam - on a 9 percent west-facing slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; many fine roots; 1 percent small sandstone fragments; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
BE--7 to 10 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; few distinct brown (10YR 4/3) silt coats and few faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 1 percent small sandstone fragments; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bt1--10 to 20 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine roots; common faint reddish brown (5YR 5/4) clay films on vertical faces of peds and in pores; common distinct silt coats on faces of peds; 1 percent small sandstone fragments; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (5 to 17 inches thick)
2Bt2--20 to 24 inches; dark red (2.5YR 3/6) silty clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common faint reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; common distinct reddish brown (5YR 5/4) silt coats on faces of peds; 1 percent small shale fragments; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
2Bt3--24 to 42 inches; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) silty clay; moderate coarse angular blocky structure; very firm; few fine roots; many faint clay films and few faint (less than 5 percent) reddish brown (5YR 5/4) silt coats on faces of peds; common slickensides or pressure faces; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
2Bt4--42 to 48 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) silty clay loam; weak coarse and medium angular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; many faint reddish brown (5YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; few pinkish gray (5YR 6/2) streaks along fine root channels; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
2Bt5--48 to 50 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) clay; weak coarse and medium angular blocky structure; very firm; few fine roots; many faint reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizon is 18 to 45 inches.)
2C--50 to 56 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam; common fine distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) mottles and many fine prominent light gray (2.5Y 7/2) mottles; massive; very firm; 10 percent small fragments of siltstone; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 14 inches thick)
2Cr--56 inches; soft sandstone bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Monroe County, Ohio; Adams Township; 700 feet east and 1,050 feet south of the northwest corner, sec. 17, 180 yards west of Township Road 36, 0.7 mile north of junction of Township Road 36 and 378; T. 3 N., R. 4 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum 40 to 60 inches and depth to free carbonates ranges from 26 to 60 inches. Depth to soft bedrock is 40 to 72 inches. The silty mantle ranges in thickness from 14 to 26 inches. Coarse fragments, mainly thin flat fragments of siltstone and sandstone, commonly are 0 to 5 percent by volume in the A and B horizons and 0 to 15 percent in the 2B and 2C horizons, but soft fragments of shale range up to 60 percent in the 2C horizon. The particle size control section is 35 to 44 percent clay.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5 moist (6 or more dry), and chroma of 2 to 4. Some pedons have a thin A horizon that has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 2 or 3. The E horizon, where present, has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. The A horizon and E horizon typically are strongly acid or very strongly acid but range to neutral when limed.
BE and Bt horizons have hue of 10YR, 7.5YR, or 5YR; value of 4 or 5; and chroma of 4 to 6. They are silt loam or silty clay loam. They are slightly acid to very strongly acid.
The 2Bt horizon has hue of 5YR, 2.5YR, or 10R; value of 3 to 5; and chroma of 3 to 6. It is silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay. It typically is strongly acid or moderately acid but ranges to mildly alkaline in the lower part.
The 2C horizon reflects colors of the bedrock. It has hue of 10R to 5Y or is neutral, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 0 to 6, and is mottled or variegated in some pedons. It is silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay. It is moderately acid to mildly alkaline. The 2Cr horizon is reddish to greenish soft shale or brown to gray soft shale, siltstone, or sandstone.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Beasley, Bland, Bledsoe, Bonnell, Brashear, Bratton, Briggsville, Brookside, Bucklick, Caneyville, Chrome, Derinda, Donahue, Eden, Edenton, Elba, Eldean, Estate, Faywood, Fredonia, Gunlock, Hagerstown, Heitt, Jessup, Kewaunee, Lamoille, Losantville, Lowell, Markland, Medary, Miamian, Milton, Newnata, Ozaukee, Shrouts, Upshur, Vandalia, Vincent, and Wynn series. Beasley, Bratton, Briggsville, Eldean, Heitt, Kewaunee, Losantville, Medary, Miamian, and Ozaukee soils have sola less than 40 inches thick, and in addition, Briggsville, Eldean, Kewaunee, Losantville, Miamian, and Ozaukee soils have free carbonates at depths of less than 40 inches. Bland, Caneyville, Chrome, Derinda, Donahue, Eden, Edenton, Faywood, Fredonia, Milton, Shrouts, and Wynn soils have a lithic or paralithic contact within a depth of 40 inches. Bledsoe, Bonnell, Brashear, Brookside, Elba, Lowell, Markland, and Newnata soils have hues of 7.5YR or yellower throughout, and in addition, Elba and Lewisburg soils have carbonates within a depth of 30 inches and 20 inches, respectively. Bucklick, Hagerstown, and Upshur soils mainly have silty clay or clay Bt horizons, and in addition, Hagerstown soils contain coarse fragments of limestone and Bucklick soils have fragments of chert in the lower part of the B horizon. Estate soils lack a silty upper mantle. Gunlock soils have fragic characteristics at depths of 20 to 34 inches. Jessup soils formed in loess and glacial till. Lamoille soils have 3B horizons within a depth of 40 inches that contain more than 35 percent coarse fragments. Vandalia soils have more than 5 percent coarse fragments in the Bt horizon. Vincent soils have sola that are free or nearly free of coarse fragments, and in addition, have evidence of stratification of varving in the C horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Woodsfield soils occur primarily on summits and on some benches. The slope gradient is 1 to 25 percent. The soils formed in a silty mantle 14 to 26 inches thick and in the underlying reddish clayey residuum weathered from the underlying bedrock composed primarily of shale or siltstone with some interbedded sandstone. Mean annual precipication ranges from about 35 to 45 inches, and mean annual temperature ranges from about 50 to 56 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Coolville, Gilpin, Guernsey, Keene, Rarden, Upshur, Wellston, and Zanesville soils. Coolville soils occur on similar landscape positions and are moderately well drained and are more acid throughout. Gilpin soils are fine-loamy, have acid interbedded bedrock within 40 inches, and are on narrow summits and backslopes. Guernsey and Keene soils are moderately well drained and are on similar landscape positions except Guernsey soils are also on steeper hillsides. Rarden soils are moderately well drained, have acid shale within a depth of 40 inches, and are on summits or hillsides. Upshur soils lack the silty mantle and also occur on hillsides. Wellston and Zanesville soils are on similar landscape positions but are fine-silty, and in addition, Zanesville soils have a fragipan.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Surface runoff is medium to rapid. Permeability is moderate in the silty part of the solum and slow in the clayey horizons.
USE AND VEGETATION: Much of this soil is cultivated or in pasture. The principal crops are corn, wheat, oats and mixed hay. Some areas are in woodland. Hickory, poplar, maple, and gum were dominant natural species.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Allegheny Plateau in southeastern Ohio and possibly nearby areas of West Virginia. It is of moderate extent, about 25,000 acres.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Monroe County, Ohio, 1970.
REMARKS: This soil formerly had a field name of "silt-capped Upshur" in some field legends and was published under the name of Upshur.
The 01/2006 revision updates this soil to the 9th Edition of the Keys to Soil Taxonomy (2003). The CEC activity class placement is based on NASIS data elements for Monroe County, Ohio, and on associated soils, but not on laboratory data. Class placement may be revised in the future when laboratory data are reviewed or become available.
Competing series, pedon description (including horizon nomenclature and/or descriptive terms), and other sections on the OSD were not revised.
Diagnostic features and horizons recognized in this pedon are:
a. ochric epipedon - from the surface to a depth of 10 inches (Ap and BE horizons)
b. argillic horizon - from a depth of about 10 to 50 inches (Bt1, 2Bt2, 2Bt3, 2Bt4, and 2Bt5 horizons).
c. Lithologic discontinuity at 20 inches (top of 2Bt2 horizon)
d. Paralithic contact at 56 inches (top of 2Cr horizon)
Previous revision dates: 12/91-ENH, TNR, DRM