LOCATION WAKA                    OK+KS TX

Tentative Series
CPH-SLM
03/2017

WAKA SERIES

The Waka series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in silty and loamy alluvium of Holocene age. These soils are on nearly level to very gently sloping draws in the Southern High Plains, Northern part (MLRA 77A). Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual air temperature is 13 degrees C (55 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is about 460 mm (18 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Haplustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Waka loam--on a 1 percent concave slope in pastureland at an elevation of about 860 m (2822 ft).
(Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

Ap--0 to 24 cm (0 to 9 in); brown (10YR 5/3) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), moist; moderate coarse subangular blocky parting to moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; common very fine, fine, and medium roots throughout; very slightly effervescent (2 percent calcium carbonate); slightly alkaline, pH 7.7; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the A horizon is 18 to 26 cm [7 to 10 in])

Bk--24 to 68 cm (9 to 27 in); 40 percent dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), 40 percent brown (10YR 5/3) and 20 percent pale brown (10YR6/3) stratified loam, 40 percent very dark gray (10YR 3/1), 40 percent dark brown (10YR 3/3) and 20 percent brown (10YR 4/3), moist; strong very coarse platy parting to moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; moderately hard, friable; common very fine, fine, and medium roots throughout; few fine distinct threadlike carbonate masses on surfaces along root channels; few fine faint dendritic worm casts throughout; very slightly effervescent (1 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 8.1; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the Bk horizon is 13 to 106 cm [5 to 42 in])

Akb--68 to 87 cm (27 to 34 in); brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1), moist; moderate medium prismatic parting to moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm; common very fine, fine, and medium roots throughout; common fine distinct threadlike carbonate masses on surfaces along root channels, and few fine distinct spherical weakly cemented carbonate nodules in matrix; very slightly effervescent (2 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 7.9; clear smooth boundary.

Bkb1--87 to 110 cm (34 to 43 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), moist; moderate medium prismatic parting to moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common fine distinct threadlike carbonate masses on surfaces along root channels, and few fine distinct spherical weakly cemented carbonate nodules in matrix; very slightly effervescent (1 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 8.0; gradual smooth boundary.

Bkb2--110 to 166 cm (43 to 65 in); dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay loam, black (10YR 2/1), moist; strong medium prismatic parting to strong medium and moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; common very fine, fine, and medium roots throughout; common fine distinct threadlike carbonate masses on surfaces along root channels, common fine prominent spherical carbonate masses on surfaces along root channels, and common medium distinct spherical carbonate masses in matrix; slightly effervescent (2 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 7.9; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Akb and Bkb horizons are 19 to 134 cm [7 to 53 in])

Bkb3--166 to 203 cm (65 to 80 in); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay loam, black (10YR 2/1), moist; strong medium prismatic parting to moderate medium subangular blocky parting to weak fine angular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable; common very fine, fine, and medium roots throughout; common fine distinct threadlike carbonate masses on surfaces along root channels, few fine and few medium distinct spherical weakly cemented carbonate nodules in matrix; very slightly effervescent (1 percent calcium carbonate); moderately alkaline, pH 7.9.

TYPE LOCATION:
Beaver County Oklahoma; from the intersection of Highway 412 and Highway 23 in Elmwood, 6 miles west then 4 miles south; then 250 ft (76 m) west and 1390 ft (423 m) south of the northeast corner of Section 13, Township 1N, Range 22E (Cimarron Meridian).

USGS topographic quadrangle: Balko SW, Oklahoma
Latitude: 36 degrees, 33 minutes, 16.10 seconds N
Longitude: 100 degrees, 37 minutes, 53.39 seconds W
Datum: WGS84

Decimal Degrees
Latitude: 36.5544739
Longitude: -100.6315002

UTM Easting: 353988 m
UTM Northing: 4046689 m
UTM Zone 14S

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: 100 to 203 cm (40 to 80 in)
Thickness of mollic epipedon: 51 to 203 cm (20 to 80 in)
Depth to secondary carbonates: 23 to 203 cm (9 to 80 in)

Particle-size control section: (weighted average):
Silicate clay: 18 to 34 percent

A and Ap horizons:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 to 3 moist or dry
Texture: silt loam, loam, silty clay loam or clay loam
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 4 percent
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)

Bw horizons (where present):
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 6, 2 to 4 moist
Chroma: 1 to 4 moist or dry
Texture: silt loam, loam, silty clay loam or clay loam
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 4 percent
Effervescence: none or very slight
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)

Bk horizons:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 6, 2 to 4 moist
Chroma: 1 to 4 moist or dry
Texture: silt loam, loam, silty clay loam or clay loam
Identifiable secondary calcium carbonate: amount-0 to 10 percent; kind-films, masses, nodules or finely disseminated carbonate
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 4 percent
Effervescence: very slight to strong
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)

Akb and Bkb horizons (where present):
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 8, 2 to 7 moist
Chroma: 1 to 6 moist or dry
Texture silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam
Coarse fragments (gravel): amount-0 to 8 percent; size-fine to medium; kind-carbonate rock
Identifiable secondary calcium carbonate: amount-0 to 10 percent; kind-films, masses, nodules or finely disseminated carbonate
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 5 percent
Effervescence: none to strong
Reaction (pH): slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline (7.4-8.4)

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: silty and loamy alluvium of Holocene age
Landscape: Tableland
Landform: Draw
Slope: 0 to 2 percent
Soil moisture: An ustic moisture regime bordering on aridic. The soil moisture control section is dry in some or all parts for more than 180 but less than 205 days, cumulative, in normal years. July through August and December through February are the driest months. These soils are intermittently moist in September through November and March through June.
Mean annual air temperature: 12 to 14 degrees C (53 to 57 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 381 to 584 mm (15 to 23 in)
Frost-free period: 170 to 200 days
Elevation: 750 to 1250 meters (2460 to 4100 ft)
Thornthwaite annual P-E Index Values: 25 to 36

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Belfon, Bigbow, Balko (T), Canina, Conlen, Dalhart, Forgan, Hansford, Hugoton, Knowblaw, Lautz, Oslo, Plack, and Twichell (T).
Belfon soils: occur on higher landscape positions, have an argillic horizon and a fine-loamy particle-size class, and have a fine or fine-silty discontinuity within 100 cm (40 in) of the soil surface
Bigbow soils: occur on a higher landscape positions, have an argillic horizon and a fine-loamy particle size class, have an ochric epipedon, and have a fine or fine-silty discontinuity within 100 cm (40 in) of the soil surface
Balko and Twichell soils: occur on higher landscape positions, and have an argillic horizon and a fine particle-size class
Canina soils: occur on a higher landscape positions, have an ochric epipedon, have an argillic horizon, and have a calcic horizon within 100 cm (40 in) of the soil surface
Conlen soils: occur on a higher landscape positions, have a calcic horizon within 100 cm (40 in) of the soil surface, and have carbonatic mineralogy
Dalhart and Forgan soils: occur on a higher landscape position and have a fine-loamy particle-size class
Hansford, Knowblaw and Lautz soils: occur in a lower playa landscape positions, and have greater than 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section, and have redoximorphic features in the upper soil profile
Hugoton soils: occur on a slightly higher landscape positions, and have an argillic horizon
Oslo soils: occur on a higher landscape positions, have an argillic horizon, and have a calcic horizon within 100 cm (40 in) of the soil surface
Plack soils: occur on higher landscape positions, and have a petrocalcic horizon within 50 cm (20 in) of the soil surface

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class: well drained
Permeability: moderate
Runoff: negligible on slopes less than 1 percent and low on 1 to 3 percent slopes
Flooding: occasionally flooded for very brief periods during the spring and summer months

USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly for rangeland with a few areas used for crop production. Native vegetation is predominantly composite dropseed, giant sandreed, blue grama, little bluestem, silver bluestem, side oats grama and pigweed. Yucca is the major woody species. Cultivated crops include corn, old world bluestem, wheat, grain sorghum, and forage sorghum.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern High Plains, Northern Part (MLRA 77A in LRR H) of Oklahoma. This soil is moderately extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES PROPOSED: Beaver County, Oklahoma; 2011. Established as part of the Beaver County, Oklahoma extensive revision.

REMARKS:
The pedon description and type location have supporting KSSL Data.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Particle-size control section: 25 to 100 cm (10 to 40 in)
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 203 cm (0 to 80 in) (A, Bk1, Akb, Bkb1, Bkb2, and Bkb3 horizons)
Cambic horizon: 24 to 203 cm (9 to 80 in) (Bk1, Akb, Bkb1, Bkb2, and Bkb3 horizons)
Particle-size family: fine-silty
Secondary carbonates: 24 to 203 cm (Bk1, Akb, Bkb1, Bkb2, and Bkb3 horizons)

ADDITIONAL DATA: KSSL data available: S2011OK007004 (TL-Beaver County, Oklahoma).

TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.

---

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.