LOCATION DIANA MILLS VAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, subactive, mesic Typic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Diana Mills loam, 7 percent slope, forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise indicated.)
Ap--0 to 5 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/2) loam; moderate very fine and fine granular structure; very friable; slightly sticky; slightly plastic; many fine, medium and coarse roots between peds; 12 percent angular gravel, 10 percent angular paracobbles; strongly acid, clear smooth boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
AB--5 to 10 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) loam; moderate very fine and fine granular structure; very friable; slightly sticky; slightly plastic; common fine, medium and coarse roots between peds; 13 percent angular gravel, 10 percent angular paracobbles; strongly acid, clear smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bt1--10 to 26 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) very paracobbly clay loam; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable, moderately sticky; moderately plastic; common fine, medium and coarse roots between peds; 15 percent angular gravel, 25 percent angular paracobbles; many red (2.5YR 4/6) prominent discontinuous clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt2--26 to 42 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) clay; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable, moderately sticky; moderately plastic; many fine roots between peds; 5 percent angular gravel, 5 percent angular paracobbles; many red (2.5YR 4/6) prominent discontinuous clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 25 to 40 inches)
Crt--42 to 52 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) soft, metavolcanic greenstone bedrock; crushes to sandy clay loam; common medium distinct red (10R 4/8) and red (10R 5/6) and prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) non-redoximorphic mottles; few fine roots in clay flows; red (2.5YR 4/6) sandy clay loam flows in fractures that average greater than 4 inches apart; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Buckingham County, Virginia; about 5,100 feet east northeast from the intersection of State Routes 611 and 671 and 4,850 feet west northwest from State Route 611 and railroad 677, in a pine plantation; USGS Diana Mills Virginia topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 40 minutes 56.7 seconds N. and long. 78 degrees 24 minutes 46.9 seconds W., NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to top of Argillic horizon: 4 to 12 inches
Depth to base of Argillic horizon: 12 to 58 inches
Depth to Paralithic contact: 40 to 60 inches
Depth to hard bedrock: Greater than 60 inches
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: Greater than 60 inches
Rock Fragment content: Quartzite 0 to 35 percent, by volume, throughout and parent material pararock fragments range from 0 to 35 percent, by volume, throughout
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to slightly acid throughout, unless limed
Mica content: None to common in the B and C horizon
Other features: Linear extensibility percentage (LEP) of the heaviest textured subsurface horizon is 3 to 6 (Moderate shrink-swell potential).
Silt content of the particle-size control section is less than 30 percent.
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
A or Ap horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 7.5YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, silt loam or loam
AB, BA or BE horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 5YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
Bt horizon:
Color (upper part)--2.5YR or 5YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8
Color (lower part)--10R to 5YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--clay loam or clay
Mottles (if they occur)--non-redoximorphic mottles in shades of red, brown, yellow, or white; mostly in the lower Bt horizon
BC horizon (where present):
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 10YR , value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 4 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
Mottles (if they occur)--non-redoximorphic mottles in shades of red, brown, yellow, or white
C horizon (where present):
Color--variegated in shades of red, brown, yellow, or white
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
COMPETING SERIES:
Littlejoe soils--formed in residuum that weathered from sericite schist.
Penhook soils--very deep and formed in residuum that weathered from fine grained rock such as slate, phyllite or schist.
Strawfield soils--moderately deep and formed in residuum that weathered from phyllite or schist.
Tick soils--deep to a densic contact, formed in lacustine material
In semiactive family:
Braddock soils--do not flood and formed in colluvium and alluvium derived dominantly from a mixture of crystalline rocks; on footslopes of ridges and colluvial fans and adjacent high terraces primarily in MLRA 130
Buffstat soils--deep soils formed in residuum from sericite schist or graphitic schist; on hills and ridges
Casville soils--very deep soils, formed in residuum from felsic or intermediate igneous or metamorphic rock
Clover soils--formed in residuum weathered from Triassic materials of the
Piedmont uplands; on ridges and hills
Danripple soils--formed in old alluvium
Mount Rush soils (tentative)--moderately deep to paralithic contact
Spears Mountain soils (tentative)-deep soils formed in schist, phyllite and other fine-grained rock
Totier soils--formed in residuum weathered from red shale of Triassic age; on Piedmont uplands
Warminster soils--formed in residuum of Triassic red shale; on summits, shoulders, and back slopes of Piedmont hills, ridges, interfluves, and side slopes
Yellowbottom soils--very deep soils, formed in residuum of sericite schist, phyllonite and metamonzagranite
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Piedmont
Landform: Ridge, hill
Hillslope Profile Position: Summits, shoulders, and back slopes
Geomorphic Component: Interfluves, nose slopes, and side slopes
Parent Material: Clayey residuum weathered from mixed felsic and mafic metamorphic and igneous rocks (commonly hornblende gneiss and schist)
Elevation: 250 to 1,000 feet
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 52 to 57 degrees F.
Mean Annual Precipitation: 40 to 50 inches
Frost Free Period: 165 to 200 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Minnieville soils--very deep soils, have moderate permeability; on similar landforms.
Mount Rush soils--moderately deep on similar landforms
Oak Level soils--very deep on similar landforms.
Siloam soils--shallow soils on similar landforms
Spriggs soils--are moderately deep to bedrock and have a fine-loamy particle-size control section; on similar landforms
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class (Agricultural): Well drained
Internal Free Water Occurrence: Very deep, absent
Index Surface Runoff: Low to high
Permeability: Moderately slow to slow
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Cultivated crops, pasture and woodland
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--corn, soybeans, small grains, hay. Where wooded--upland oaks (white, black, red, and scarlet oak), red maple, blackgum, dogwood, and loblolly pine
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Virginia and possibly North Carolina
Extent: Small
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Raleigh, North Carolina
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Cumberland County, Virginia, 2005.
REMARKS: Diana Mills soils were previously included with Mecklenburg soils. The creation of a mesic region within the southern Piedmont and the occurrence of the deep to soft bedrock component necessitated a new series be established.
Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 5 inches (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 10 to 42 inches (Bt horizon)
Series control section--the zone from 0 to 60 inches
ADDITIONAL DATA: Typical pedon sampled and analyzed at VPI&SU as 00VA-029-003 (reference data) and at the NSSL as S01VA-029-003 (characterization data).
Typical Pedon Data Mapunit ID--
Benchmark Status: No
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation 2-25 52-57 165-200 40-50 250-1000FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness NONE >6.0 40-60 Soft
Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC- 0-10 L SIL SL 0-5 80-100 8-25 4-20 0-10 GR-L GR-SL GR-SIL 2-10 55-85 8-25 4-20 0-10 CL SCL 0-5 80-100 20-35 10-25 10-42 CL C 0-5 80-100 40-60 15-35 42-52 WB - - - -
Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll 0-10 3.5-6.5 0.5-2. 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW 0-10 3.5-6.5 0.5-2. 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW 0-10 3.5-6.5 0.5-1.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW 10-42 3.5-6.5 0.0-0.5 0-0 0.06-0.6 MODERATE 42-52 - - - - ---