LOCATION DIANA MILLS VA
Established Series
WFK-HTS/Rev. MHC-JAK/DTA
07/2026
DIANA MILLS SERIES
MLRA(s): 136 (mesic part)
Soil Survey Regional Office (SSRO) Responsible: Southeast
Depth Class: Deep
Agricultural Drainage Class: Well drained
Index Surface Runoff: Medium to very high
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: Moderately high to moderately slow
Landscape: Piedmont uplands
Landform: Interstream divides, ridges, and side slopes
Parent Material: Residuum weathered from mixed felsic and mafic metamorphic and igneous rocks
Slope: 0 to 40 percent
Elevation (type location): 97 meters (320 feet)
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 13 degrees C (55 degrees F)
Mean Annual Precipitation: 1143 millimeters (45 inches)
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, subactive, mesic Typic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Diana Mills loam, 7 percent slope, forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise indicated.)
Ap--0 to 13 centimeters (0 to 5 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/2) loam; moderate very fine and fine granular structure; very friable; slightly sticky; slightly plastic; many fine, medium and coarse roots between peds; 12 percent angular gravel, 10 percent angular paracobbles; strongly acid, clear smooth boundary. (10 to 20 centimeters (4 to 8 inches) thick)
AB--13 to 25 centimeters (5 to 10 inches); yellowish red (5YR 4/6) loam; moderate very fine and fine granular structure; very friable; slightly sticky; slightly plastic; common fine, medium and coarse roots between peds; 13 percent angular gravel, 10 percent angular paracobbles; strongly acid, clear smooth boundary. (0 to 15 centimeters (0 to 6 inches) thick)
Bt1--25 to 66 centimeters (10 to 26 inches); red (2.5YR 4/6) very paracobbly clay loam; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable, moderately sticky; moderately plastic; common fine, medium and coarse roots between peds; 15 percent angular gravel, 25 percent angular paracobbles; many red (2.5YR 4/6) prominent discontinuous clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt2--66 to 107 centimeters (26 to 42 inches); red (2.5YR 4/6) clay; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable, moderately sticky; moderately plastic; many fine roots between peds; 5 percent angular gravel, 5 percent angular paracobbles; many red (2.5YR 4/6) prominent discontinuous clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 63 to 102 centimeters (25 to 40 inches)
Crt--107 to 132 centimeters (42 to 52 inches); red (2.5YR 4/6) soft, metavolcanic greenstone bedrock; crushes to sandy clay loam; common medium distinct red (10R 4/8) and red (10R 5/6) and prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) non-redoximorphic mottles; few fine roots in clay flows; red (2.5YR 4/6) sandy clay loam flows in fractures that average greater than 10 centimeters (4 inches) apart; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Buckingham County, Virginia; about 5,100 feet east northeast from the intersection of State Routes 611 and 671 and 4,850 feet west northwest from State Route 611 and railroad 677, in a pine plantation; USGS Diana Mills, Virginia topographic quadrangle.
Latitude--37.6834
Longitude-- -78.4129
Datum--WGS84
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to top of Argillic horizon: 10 to 30 centimeters (4 to 12 inches)
Depth to base of Argillic horizon: 30 to 147 centimeters (12 to 58 inches)
Depth to Bedrock; 102 to 152 centimeters (40 to 60 inches)
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: Greater than 152 centimeters (60 inches)
Rock Fragment Content: Quartzite 0 to 35 percent, by volume, throughout and parent material pararock fragments range from 0 to 35 percent, by volume, throughout
Mica content: None to common in the B and C horizon
Soil Reaction: Extremely acid to slightly acid throughout, unless limed
Other features: Linear extensibility percentage (LEP) of the heaviest textured subsurface horizon is 3 to 6 (Moderate shrink-swell potential).
Silt content of the particle-size control section is less than 30 percent.
RANGE OF INDIVIDUAL HORIZONS:
A or Ap horizon:
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 7.5YR, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 2 to 6
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, silt loam, or loam
AB, BA or BE horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 5YR, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 4 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
Bt horizon:
Color (upper part)--2.5YR or 5YR, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 4 to 8
Color (lower part)--10R to 5YR, value of 3 to 6, chroma of 4 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--clay loam or clay
Mottles (if they occur)--non-redoximorphic mottles in shades of red, brown, yellow, or white; mostly in the lower Bt horizon
BC horizon (if it occurs):
Color--hue of 2.5YR to 10YR , value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 4 to 8
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
Mottles (if they occur)--non-redoximorphic mottles in shades of red, brown, yellow, or white
C horizon (if it occurs):
Color--variegated in shades of red, brown, yellow, or white
Texture (fine-earth fraction)--sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
COMPETING SERIES:
Littlejoe soils--formed in residuum that weathered from sericite schist.
Penhook soils--are very deep and formed in residuum that weathered from fine grained rock such as slate, phyllite or schist.
Strawfield soils--are moderately deep and formed in residuum that weathered from phyllite or schist.
Buffstat soils--are deep and formed in residuum from sericite schist or graphitic schist; on hills and ridges
Casville soils--are very deep and formed in residuum from felsic or intermediate igneous or metamorphic rock
Clover soils--are very deep and formed in residuum weathered from Triassic age; on
Piedmont uplands
Danripple soils--are very deep and formed in old alluvium
Spears Mountain soils--are deep soils formed in schist, phyllite and other fine-grained rock
Warminster soils--formed in residuum of Triassic red shale; on summits, shoulders, and back slopes of
Piedmont hills, ridges, interfluves, and side slopes
Yellowbottom soils--are very deep and formed in residuum of sericite schist, phyllonite and metamonzagranite
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Piedmont uplands
Landform: Interstream divides, ridges, and side slopes
Parent Material: Residuum weathered from mixed felsic and mafic metamorphic and igneous rocks
Elevation: 76 to 305 meters (250 to 1,000 feet)
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 11 to 14 degrees C (52 to 57 degrees F)
Mean Annual Precipitation: 1016 to 1270 millimeters (40 to 50 inches)
Frost Free Period: 165 to 200 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Minnieville soils--are very deep soils and have moderate permeability; on similar landforms
Oak Level soils--are very deep; on similar landforms
Siloam soils--are shallow; on similar landforms
Spriggs soils--are moderately deep and are fine-loamy; on similar landforms
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Agricultural Drainage Class: Well drained
Index Surface Runoff: Medium to very high
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: Moderately high to moderately slow
USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Cultivated crops, pasture and woodland
Dominant Vegetation: Where cultivated--corn, soybeans, small grains, hay. Where wooded--upland oaks (white, black, red, and scarlet oak), red maple, blackgum, dogwood, and loblolly pine
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Virginia and possibly North Carolina
Extent: Small
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Cumberland County, Virginia, 2005.
REMARKS: Diana Mills soils were previously included with Mecklenburg soils. The creation of a mesic region within MLRA 136 and the occurrence of the deep to soft bedrock component necessitated a new series be established. The July, 2026 revision updated the format. No data was changed.
Diagnostic horizons and soil characteristics recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon--the zone from 0 to 13 centimeters (0 to 5 inches) (Ap horizon)
Argillic horizon--the zone from 15 to 107 centimeters (10 to 42 inches) (Bt horizon)
ADDITIONAL DATA: Typical pedon sampled and analyzed at VPI&SU as 00VA-029-003 (reference data) and at the NSSL as S01VA-029-003 (characterization data).
Typical Pedon Data Mapunit ID--
TABULAR SERIES DATA:
Slope Airtemp FrFr/Seas Precip Elevation
2-25 52-57 165-200 40-50 250-1000
FloodL FloodH Watertable Kind Months Bedrock Hardness
NONE >6.0 40-60 Soft
Depth Texture 3-Inch No-10 Clay% -CEC-
0-10 L SIL SL 0-5 80-100 8-25 4-20
0-10 GR-L GR-SL GR-SIL 2-10 55-85 8-25 4-20
0-10 CL SCL 0-5 80-100 20-35 10-25
10-42 CL C 0-5 80-100 40-60 15-35
42-52 WB - - - -
Depth -pH- O.M. Salin Permeab Shnk-Swll
0-10 3.5-6.5 0.5-2. 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW
0-10 3.5-6.5 0.5-2. 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW
0-10 3.5-6.5 0.5-1.0 0-0 0.6-2.0 LOW
10-42 3.5-6.5 0.0-0.5 0-0 0.06-0.6 MODERATE
42-52 - - - - -
________________________________________
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.