LOCATION MOUNTPLEASANT IN
Established Series
Rev. GRS-SAH-KKN
11/2021
MOUNTPLEASANT SERIES
The Mountpleasant series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in as much as 46 cm (18 inches) of loess and in the underlying till overlying outwash. Mountpleasant soils are on kame moraines, kames, and outwash floored till plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 12 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 991 mm (39 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 11.1 degrees C (52 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Mountpleasant silt loam, on a 1 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 320 meters (1,050 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 20 cm (8 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine roots; common very fine interstitial and tubular pores; 3 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary. [20 to 28 cm (8 to 11 inches) thick]
2Bt1--20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) clay; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine and fine roots; common fine interstitial and tubular pores; many distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; 3 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
2Bt2--30 to 41 cm (12 to 16 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine and fine roots; common fine interstitial and tubular pores; many distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; 5 percent gravel; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
2Bt3--41 to 58 cm (16 to 23 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine and fine roots; common fine interstitial and tubular pores; common distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) and many distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; 10 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizon is 30 to 102 cm (12 to 40 inches).]
2BCt/Bt--58 to 96 cm (23 to 38 inches); 90 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam (BCt); weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; firm; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine vesicular pores and common fine interstitial pores; common distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; 10 percent gravel; 3 percent dolomite cobbles; strongly effervescent; 10 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam (Bt); weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine interstitial and tubular pores; many distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds; 9 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. [25 to 91 cm (10 to 36 inches) thick]
2BCt--96 to 147 cm (38 to 58 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium and coarse prismatic parting to weak medium and coarse angular blocky; firm; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine interstitial and tubular pores and few very fine vesicular pores; common distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay films on vertical faces of peds; 12 percent gravel; 3 percent dolomite cobbles; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. [0 to 51 cm (20 inches) thick]
2CBt--147 to 218 cm (58 to 86 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium and coarse angular blocky; very firm; few fine roots between peds; common very fine interstitial and tubular pores and few very fine vesicular pores; common distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) clay films on vertical faces of peds; 11 percent gravel; 3 percent dolomite cobbles; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. [46 to 91 cm (18 to 36 inches) thick]
3Bt--218 to 249 cm (86 to 98 inches); dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) gravelly sandy clay loam; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine interstitial and tubular pores; many faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of peds; 23 percent gravel; very slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 51 cm (20 inches) thick]
3BCt--249 to 279 cm (98 to 110 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) very gravelly coarse sandy loam; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) clay bridging between sand grains; 55 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 30 cm (12 inches) thick]
3C--279 to 300 cm (110 to 118 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly coarse sand; single grain; loose; strata of sand; 51 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Delaware County, Indiana; about 3 miles west of Mount Pleasant; 1,500 feet west and 100 feet north of the southeast corner of sec. 23, T. 19 N., R. 10 E.; USGS Mount Pleasant, Ind. topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 04 minutes 37 seconds N. and long. 085 degrees 21 minutes 19 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 640240 easting and 4437599 northing, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the loess: 0 to 46 cm (0 to 18 inches)
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 51 to 122 cm (20 to 48 inches)
Depth to the base of soil development: more than 203 cm (80 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 38 to 91 cm (15 to 36 inches)
Particle-size control section: averages 35 to 45 percent clay and 15 to 30 percent sand
Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4; pedons with value of 3 are less than 18 cm (7 inches) thick or have dry value of 6 or more
Chroma: 2 to 4
Rock fragment content: 0 to 7 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral, depending on liming history
2Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, or clay
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent
Sand content: 15 to 30 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 25 percent in the lower part
Reaction: strongly acid to moderately alkaline
2BCt/Bt or 2BCt horizon: the Bt part has properties similar to the 2Bt horizon described above; the BCt part has the following properties:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4
Texture: loam or clay loam
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent
Sand content: 25 to 35 percent
Rock fragment: 10 to 14 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 20 to 40 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
2CBt horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4
Texture: loam
Clay content: 20 to 25 percent
Sand content: 30 to 35 percent
Rock fragment content: 10 to 14 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 30 to 45 percent
Reaction: moderately alkaline
3Bt or 3BCt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: sandy clay loam, sandy loam, coarse sandy loam, or loamy coarse sand, or the gravelly or very gravelly analogs of these textures
Clay content: 5 to 30 percent
Sand content: 50 to 85 percent
Rock fragment content: 10 to 59 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 45 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline
3C horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: coarse sand, sand, or loamy coarse sand, or the gravelly to extremely gravelly analogs of these textures
Clay content: 2 to 5 percent
Sand content: 70 to 90 percent
Rock fragment content: 10 to 70 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 35 to 55 percent
Reaction: moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Beasley,
Bledsoe,
Bonnell,
Brashear,
Bratton,
Bucklick,
Caneyville,
Cosperville,
Donahue,
Eden,
Elba,
Enott,
Estate,
Faywood,
Fredonia,
Haggatt,
Heitt,
Heverlo,
Jessup,
Kewaunee,
Lowell,
Markland,
Milton,
Muncie,
Shrouts, and
Vandalia series. Beasley, Bratton, Caneyville, Donahue, Eden, Enott, Faywood, Fredonia, Haggatt, Heverlo, Milton, and Shrouts soils have a paralithic or lithic contact within a depth of 152 cm (60 inches). Bledsoe, Elba, and Lowell soils do not have glacial pebbles in the lower part of the series control section. Bonnell, Brashear, Cosperville, Markland, and Muncie soils average less than 10 percent rock fragments in the lower part of the series control section. Bucklick, Estate, and Kewaunee soils have hue redder than 7.5YR in some part of the argillic horizon. Heitt soils average more than 25 percent clay in the lower part of the series control section. Jessup and Vandalia soils do not have carbonates within a depth of 91 cm (36 inches).
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Mountpleasant soils are on kame moraines, kames, and outwash floored till plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 12 percent. The soils formed in as much as 46 cm (18 inches) of loess and in the underlying 122 to 244 cm (4 to 8 feet) of till overlying outwash. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 914 to 1092 mm (36 to 43 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 8.9 to 12.2 degrees C (48 to 54 degrees F). Frost-free period is 150 to 180 days. Elevation is 274 to 381 meters (900 to 1250 feet) above mean sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Belmore,
Crosby,
Eldean, and
Miamian soils. The Belmore soils are in depressions on similar landforms. The somewhat poorly drained Crosby soils are on swells on till plains. The Eldean soils are on more sloping side slopes on similar landforms. The Miamian soils are on swells and knolls on till plains.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Potential for surface water runoff is low to high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high within the series control section; moderately low to moderately high between structural units in the 2CBt horizon; and high or very high in the underlying outwash. Permeability is moderately slow within the series control section; slow between structural units in the 2CBt horizon; and rapid or very rapid in the underlying outwash.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used to grow corn and soybeans. Some areas are used for growing small grain, mainly wheat, and for hay and pasture. A few areas are in woodland. Native vegetation is mixed hardwood forest.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 111A in central Indiana. The series is of moderate extent.
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Delaware County, Indiana, 1997.
REMARKS: Mountpleasant soils have previously been correlated as gravelly substratum phases of the Miami series.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 20 cm (Ap horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 20 to 58 cm (2Bt horizon).
A representative data mapunit for this soil is DMU ID 123752 in MO 11.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Data for this pedon, S92IN-035-009, is available from the National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.