LOCATION RAYNE                   PA+KY MD NY OH VA WV

Established Series
SF/Rev. MDJ
09/2013

RAYNE SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludults

TYPICAL PEDON: Rayne silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes on a northwest facing slope at an elevation of 503 meters (1650 feet) - idle (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)

Ap1--0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 inches); very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2); moderate coarse granular structure; friable; many roots; 10 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Ap2--10 to 20 cm (4 to 8 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; moderate coarse granular structure, friable; many roots; 10 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Ap horizon is 0 to 41 cm (4 to 16 inches thick))

BE--20 to 28 cm (8 to 11 inches); reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) silt loam; moderate medium platy structure; friable; many roots; 10 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 30 cm (0 to 12 inches thick))

Bt1--28 to 43 cm (11 to 17 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few faint clay films on faces of peds; common roots; 10 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--43 to 64 cm (17 to 25 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) silty clay loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few faint clay films on faces of peds; 10 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Bt3--64 cm to 91 cm (25 to 36 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) channery silty clay loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few faint clay films on faces of peds; 20 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 30 to 69 cm (12 to 27 inches thick))

BC--91 to 112 cm (36 to 44 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) channery silty clay loam; few faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) mottles; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky; very firm, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few faint clay films and dark iron manganese coats; 20 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (13 to 38 cm (5 to 15 inches thick))

C1--112 to 122 cm (44 to 48 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) channery silty clay loam; common medium distinct light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) mottles; coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky; firm; a few dark iron manganese films on faces of prisms; 30 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

C2--122 to 137 cm (48 to 54 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very channery silt loam; 50 to 75 percent shale, sandstone and siltstone fragments, very strongly acid. (Combined thickness of C horizons is 20 to 89 cm (4 to 35 inches thick))

R--137 cm (54 inches); sandstone bedrock.

TYPE LOCATION:
County: Jefferson
State: Pennsylvania
USGS Topographic Quadrangle: Corsica
Latitude: 41 degrees, 10 minutes, 40 seconds N
Longitude: 79 degrees 11 minutes, 23 seconds W
Directions to the Pedon: Union Township, 1207 meters (3/4 mile) east of Corsica; 183 meters (600 feet) east and 67 meters (220 feet) south of intersection of US 322 and T334.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the top of the Argillic: 10 to 71 cm (4 to 28 inches)
Depth to the base of the Argillic horizon: 76 to 102 cm (30 to 40 inches).
Solum thickness: 97 to 152 cm (38 to 60 inches)
Depth to bedrock: 102 to 183 cm (40 to 72 inches)
Depth Class: Deep and Very Deep
Rock fragment content: 0 to 40 percent in the A, BA, and Bt horizons and 15 to 90 percent in the BC and C horizons.
Soil Reaction: strongly or very strongly acid throughout unless the soil has been limed.

Range of Individual Horizons:
Ap horizon:
Color: Hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. Dry value is 6 or more.
Texture (fine-earth fraction): silt loam or loam.

BE horizon (where present):
Color: Hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8.
Texture (fine earth fraction): loam, silt loam, silty clay loam or clay loam.

B horizon:
Color: Hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8.
Texture (fine-earth fraction): loam, silt loam, clay loam or silty clay loam.

BC horizon:
Color: Hue of 7.5YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8.
Texture (fine earth fraction): loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam.

C horizon:
Color: Hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 8 and chroma of 1 to 8.
Texture (fine-earth fraction): sandy loam to silty clay loam.

COMPETING SERIES:
Arcola soils have a paralithic contact within 102 cm (40 inches) of the soil surface.
Bedington soils have Bt horizons with hue redder than 7.5YR.
Bucks soils have Bt horizons with hue redder than 7.5YR.
Collington soils are coastal Plain soils.
Edgemont soils are developed in quartzitic residuum.
Edneytown soils have rock fragments of quartz, granite or gneiss.
Freehold soils are coastal Plain soils.
Gilpin soils have bedrock within 102 cm (40 inches) of the soil surface.
Gladstone soils weathered from granitic gneiss.
Joanna soils have Bt horizons with hue redder than 7.5YR throughout.
Leedsville soils formed in Triassic-Jurassic interbedded sandstone and conglomerate.
Millstone soils have argillic horizons that extend below 102 cm (40 inches).
Penargyl soils form in glacial till.
Pennval soils developed in colluvium.
Pigeonroost soils have paralithic contact 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches) below the surface.
Pineville soils developed in colluvium.
Quakertown soils have Bt horizons with hue redder than 7.5YR.
Shelocta soils have argillic horizons that extend below 102 cm (40 inches).
Syenite soils have bedrock at depths of less than 102 cm (40 inches).
Wist soils have a water table at a depth of 107 to 183 cm (42 to 72 inches).

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
MLRA(s) using this series: 125, 126, 127, 128
Landscape: Hills, Plateaus
Landform: Hills
Geomorphic Component: Crest, Sideslopes
Hillslope Profile Position: Summits, Shoulders, Backslopes
Parent Material Origin: Residuum
Parent Material Kind: from interbedded shale, siltstone and some fine grained sandstone.
Slope: 0 to 60 percent, but commonly 3 to 15 percent.
Elevation: 297 to 549 meters (975 to 1800 feet)
Frost Free Days: 144 to 200 days
Mean annual air temperatures: 7 to 14 degrees C (45 to 57 degrees F).
Mean annual rainfall: 89 to 114 cm (35 to 45 inches).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Berks soils do not have argillic horizons.
Cavode soils have more than 35 percent clay.
Dekalb soils do not have argillic horizons.
Muskingum soils do not have argillic horizons.
Wharton soils have low chroma redoximorphic features in the upper 61 cm (24 inches) of the argillic horizon.
Gilpin soils have bedrock within 102 cm (40 inches) of the soil surface.
Shelocta soils have argillic horizons that extend below 102 cm (40 inches).

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage Class (Agricultural): Well drained.
Index Surface Runoff: Negligible to high.
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: Moderately high to high.
Permeability (Obsolete): Moderate.

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major Uses: Cropland, Forestland
Dominant Vegetation: About half of the soil is cleared and used for corn, wheat, other small grain, hay and pasture; abandoned land is growing up to second growth pines and hardwoods. Forests of hardwoods, mostly oaks, cover about one-fourth of the acreage.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: The soil occurs in the sandstone and shale areas of Kentucky, Maryland, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia.
Extent: Large extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Indiana County, Pennsylvania, 1931.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and other features recognized in this pedon are:
a. Ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 28 cm (0 to 11 inches) (Ap and BA horizons).
b. Argillic horizon - the zone from 28 to 91 cm (11 to 36 inches) (Bt horizon).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.