LOCATION WAYNESBORO TN+AL GA KY MD VAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Paleudults
TYPICAL PEDON: Waynesboro loam - forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 2 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam; moderate fine granular structure; very friable; many roots; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 3 inches thick)
E--2 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) loam; weak medium granular structure; very friable; many roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (4 to 9 inches thick)
BA--6 to 10 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bt1--10 to 16 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
Bt2--16 to 22 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) clay; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (6 to 14 inches thick)
Bt3--22 to 47 inches; dark red (2.5YR 3/6) clay; moderate medium and fine angular blocky structure; friable; few roots; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; 3 percent pebbles; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (20 to 50 inches thick)
Bt4--47 to 60 inches; dark red (2.5YR 3/6) clay, common fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; weak medium angular blocky structure; friable; 3 percent pebbles; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Loudon County, Tennessee; 2 miles northwest of Loudon; on north side of Tennessee River, 200 feet east of gravel road which ends at north bank of Tennessee River.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of solum and depth to bedrock are more than 60 inches. The soil is strongly acid or very strongly acid except the surface layer where limed. Each horizon contains 0 to 15 percent chert or quartzite pebbles and sandstone cobbles, except the surface layer ranges to 25 percent.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 or 2. The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR to 5YR, value of 3 to 5 and chroma of 3 to 8 or hue of 2.5YR, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 4 to 6. The 7.5YR hue also has chroma of 2. value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 4 or 6. The E horizon, where present, has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 2 to 4. The A, Ap and E horizons are sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam or silt loam. The Ap horizon is also clay loam in severely eroded areas.
Many pedons have a transitional horizon between the A or E horizon and the Bt horizon.
The Bt horizon has hue of 5YR or 2.5YR, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 6 or 8. In addition, the upper few inches includes hue of 7.5YR and the middle and lower parts also have hue of 2.5YR, value of 3 and chroma of 6. Mottles are in shades of brown, yellow and red. The Bt horizon is dominantly clay loam or clay, but ranges to sandy clay and the upper few inches ranges to sandy clay loam. Clay content of the Bt horizon ranges from 35 to 50 percent, except the upper few inches ranges to about 28 percent in some pedons. Sand content ranges from 20 to 50 percent.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Dewey, Esto, Faceville, Fullerton, Henderson, Lugoff, Marlboro and Summerton series in the same family and the closely related Collegedale, Cumberland, Decatur and Dunmore series. Dewey soils have less than 20 percent sand in the Bt horizon and have darker colors in the upper part of the pedon. Esto, Lugoff and Marlboro have hues of 7.5YR and 10YR in the Bt horizon. Faceville soils formed in coastal plain sediments and do not have dark red color in the Bt horizon. Fullerton and Henderson soils contain 15 to 35 percent rock fragments. Summerton soils formed in coastal plain sediments and have moderately slow permeability. Collegedale soils have mixed mineralogy, have moderately slow or slow permeability and have less than 20 percent sand in the Bt horizon. Cumberland and Decatur soils have value of 3 and are dominantly dark red in the upper 40 inches of the argillic horizon. Cumberland also has more than 35 percent base saturation. Dunmore soils are mesic and have less than 20 percent sand in the Bt horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Waynesboro soils are on high terraces and uplands. Topography is dominantly rolling and hilly but ranges from undulating to steep. Slopes range from 2 to 30 percent. These soils formed in old alluvium or unconsolidated material of sandstone, shale, and limestone origin 4 to 20 feet in thickness. Near the type location, mean annual temperature is 59 degrees F., and mean annual precipitation is 50 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Decatur and Fullerton series, and the Allen, Etowah, and Sequatchie series. Allen and Etowah soils are fine-loamy and Etowah soils have dark brown A horizons. Sequatchie soils have thinner sola and are fine-loamy.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Waynesboro soils are well drained. Runoff is medium and permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: About three-fourths of the soil is cleared. Principal crops are small grains, hay, pasture, tobacco, cotton, and truck crops. Forests are of oaks, hickory, beech, elm, maple, yellow- poplar, and in places, loblolly, shortleaf, and Virginia pines.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Great Valley and Highland Rim in Tennessee, northern Alabama, northwest Georgia, Maryland and Kentucky. The series is of large extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Pope County, Arkansas; 1913.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - from 0 to 6 inches (A and E horizons)
Argillic horizon - from 10 to 60 inches (Bt1-Bt4 horizons)