LOCATION JESSUP                  OH+KY

Established Series
Rev. RLC-TEL-DRM
11/2021

JESSUP SERIES

The Jessup series consists of deep or very deep, well drained soils formed in loess and the underlying till and residuum from calcareous gray shale and thin strata of limestone. These soils are on uplands. Slope ranges from 1 to 35 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1067 mm (42 inches), and mean annual air temperature is about 12 degrees C (54 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Jessup silt loam, on a northeast-facing, 6 percent slope in a pine planting. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated).

Ap--0 to 18 cm (0 to 7 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; weak coarse granular structure; friable; many roots; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [10 to 23 cm (4 to 9 inches) thick]

E--18 to 30 cm (7 to 12 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silt loam; weak thick platy structure parting to weak fine subangular blocky; very friable; many roots; many vesicular pores; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 18 cm (7 inches) thick]

Bt1--30 to 46 cm (12 to 18 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common roots; common vesicular pores; common distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) clay films and common distinct light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silt coats on vertical faces of peds; 1 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. [0 to 23 cm (9 inches) thick]

2Bt2--46 to 61 cm (18 to 24 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common faint dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films and many distinct light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silt coats on faces of peds; 3 percent glacial pebbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

2Bt3--61 to 84 cm (24 to 33 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay; common medium faint yellowish red (5YR 5/6) mottles; moderate coarse and medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate very fine angular blocky; firm; common faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; 3 percent glacial pebbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

2Bt4--84 to 104 cm (33 to 41 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay; few fine distinct pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate very fine angular blocky; firm; common faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; common fine and medium dark stains and concretions (iron and manganese oxides); 5 percent glacial pebbles; moderately acid in the upper part and neutral in the lower part; abrupt smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizon is 15 to 96 cm (6 to 38 inches).]

3Bt5--104 to 137 cm (41 to 54 inches); light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) clay; few fine distinct pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate fine angular blocky; firm; few distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay films on faces of peds; common fine and medium dark stains and concretions (iron and manganese oxides); 3 percent fragments of shale and chert; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. [20 to 41 cm (8 to 16 inches) thick]

3BC--137 to 163 cm (54 to 64 inches); olive (5Y 5/4) and light olive gray (5Y 6/2) silty clay; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; 2 percent fragments of hard shale and chert; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. [0 to 41 cm (16 inches) thick]

3Cr--163 to 178 cm (64 to 70 inches); gray (5Y 6/1) shale with thin strata of limestone; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Adams County Ohio; about 4 miles west, northwest of Peebles, in Bratton Township; 1320 feet southeast from the intersection of Township Road 124 and County Road 14 along Township Road 124, then 130 feet south, southwest.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 76 to 178 cm (30 to 70 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 91 to 178 cm (36 to 70 inches)
Depth to residuum weathered from bedrock: 76 to 122 cm (30 to 48 inches)
Depth to paralithic contact: 102 to 213 cm (40 to 84 inches)
Thickness of the silty mantle: typically about 46 cm (18 inches), but ranges from 25 to 61 cm (10 to 24 inches)
Particle-size control section: 35 to 50 percent clay

Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 (6 or 7 dry)
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: commonly silt loam, or less commonly silty clay loam in some eroded pedons
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid unless limed

A horizon, where present:
Thickness: 2.5 to 8 cm (1 to 3 inches)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4 (4 to 6 dry)
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silt loam
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid unless limed

E horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: silt loam
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid

Bt horizon, or BE or BA horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 8
Texture: silt loam or silty clay loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 2 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid

2Bt horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR, may be 2.5Y in the lower part in some pedons
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Rock fragment content: 2 to 14 percent gravel, stones, or boulders (glacial erratics)
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid, ranging to neutral in the lower part

3Bt or 3BC horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: silty clay, clay, or silty clay loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent fragments of shale, limestone, and chert
Reaction: commonly neutral or slightly alkaline, but ranges to moderately alkaline

3C horizon, where present:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: clay, silty clay, or silty clay loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 14 percent fragments of shale, limestone, and chert
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

3Cr horizon:
Bedrock: calcareous shale with some thin strata of limestone
Matrix color: commonly shades of gray or olive but is brown in some pedons

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Beasley, Bledsoe, Bonnell, Brashear, Bratton, Bucklick, Caneyville, Cosperville, Donahue, Eden, Elba, Enott, Estate, Faywood, Fredonia, Haggatt, Heitt, Heverlo, Kewaunee, Lowell, Markland, Milton, Mountpleasant, Muncie, Shrouts, and Vandalia series. Of these, only Bonnell, Cosperville, Heverlo, Kewaunee, Milton, Mountpleasant, and Muncie soils contain glacial erratics. Bonnell, Kewaunee, and Muncie soils have the lower part of their sola formed in till and have some crystalline rocks in the lower part of the solum. Cosperville soils do not have a loess mantle and textures containing more than 50 percent silt in the upper part of the series control section. Heverlo soils have a paralithic contact within a depth of 102 cm (40 inches). Milton soils have a lithic contact within a depth 102 cm (40 inches). Mountpleasant soils have carbonates within a depth of 91 cm (36 inches).

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Jessup soils are on glaciated uplands near the margin of the Illinoian till sheet. They are on upper shoulders below areas of thicker till or are on narrow, beveled interfluves. Slope ranges from 1 to 35 percent. The soils formed in a mantle of loess 25 to 61 cm (10 to 24 inches) thick and in the underlying weathered Illinoian till and residuum from calcareous Ordovician shale and thin strata of limestone. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 965 to 1168 mm (38 to 46 inches). Mean annual air temperature ranges from 11 to 14 degrees C (51 to 57 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Cincinnati, Edenton, Fairmount, Faywood, Loudon, Otway, and Rossmoyne soils. Cincinnati and Rossmoyne soils are on broad interfluves having a thicker deposit of till and have fragipans. Edenton soils are moderately deep to bedrock, and are on upper shoulders and backslopes. Fairmount, Faywood, and Otway soils are in unglaciated areas and are on the steeper slopes that are dominated by limestone. The moderately well drained Loudon soils are on toeslopes and on broader interfluves than Jessup soils.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. The potential for surface runoff is medium to very high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately low. Permeability is slow.

USE AND VEGETATION: Jessup soils are in cropland and pasture. Tobacco, corn, wheat, and clover-grass mixtures are the common crops. Native vegetation is hardwood forest.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 114A in southwestern Ohio and MLRA 121 in northern Kentucky. The series is of small extent.

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Brown County, Ohio, 1930.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizon and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 18 cm (Ap horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 30 to 137 cm (Bt, 2Bt, 3Bt horizon).
Paralithic contact: at 163 cm (top of the 3Cr horizon).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data for the typical pedon will be available (AD-30). Preliminary data indicates that clay mineralogy is well into the mixed class but there is an increase in illitic clay minerals in the lower part of the control section.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.