LOCATION GILWOOD INEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults
TYPICAL PEDON: Gilwood silt loam on a 22 percent convex slope in a forested area at an elevation of about 219 meters (720 feet) above MSL. (Colors are for a moist soil unless stated otherwise.)
Oi--0 to 3 cm (0 to 1 inches); partially decomposed leaves from mixed deciduous trees. (0 to 5 cm or 0 to 2 inches thick)
A--3 to 15 cm (1 to 6 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; weak medium granular structure; friable; many fine and medium roots; 10 percent channers; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (10 to 15 cm or 4 to 6 inches thick)
BE--15 to 28 cm (6 to 11 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) channery silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many medium roots; 15 percent channers; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (8 to 15 cm or 3 to 6 inches thick)
Bt--28 to 56 cm (11 to 22 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) channery silt loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; many distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) clay films on faces of peds; 20 percent channers; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (20 to 51 cm or 8 to 20 inches thick)
CB--56 to 81 cm (22 to 32 inches); light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) extremely channery silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; 65 percent channers; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (13 to 30 cm or 5 to 12 inches thick)
R--81 to 152 cm (32 to 60 inches); fractured, very strongly cemented siltstone bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Jackson County, Indiana; 600 feet south and 130 feet east of the center of sec. 26, T. 7 N., R. 2 E., USGS Elkinsville, Indiana topographic quadrangle: lat. 39 degrees 0 minutes 38 seconds N. and long. 086 degrees 16 minutes 16 seconds W.; NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 563101 easting and 4318232 northing, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to the base of the argillic horizon: 38 to 81 cm (15 to 32 inches)
Depth to a lithic contact: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Rock fragment content: dominantly channers, but include flagstones, and are dominantly strongly or very strongly cemented siltstone, and include a few indurated cobbles (geodes).
Particle-size control section averages: 6 to 15 percent sand (less than 5 percent coarse and very coarse sand), and 15 to 30 percent rock fragments less than 8 cm (3 inches).
A horizon:
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silt loam or channery silt loam
Clay content: 10 to 20 percent
Sand content: 6 to 15 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 30 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid
E horizon, where present:
Value: 6
Chroma: 4 to 6
Clay content: 10 to 20 percent
Sand content: 6 to 15 percent
Texture: silt loam or channery silt loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 30 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid
BE horizon:
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: silt loam or channery silt loam
Clay content: 14 to 22 percent
Sand content: 6 to 15 percent
Rock fragment content: 5 to 30 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid.
Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 4 to 6
Texture: channery silt loam
Clay content: 18 to 26 percent
Sand content: 6 to 15 percent
Rock fragment content: 15 to 30 percent
Reaction: extremely acid or very strongly acid
CB or BC horizon:
Hue: 2.5Y or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: of 4 to 6
Texture: very channery or extremely channery silt loam
Clay content: 12 to 24 percent
Sand content: 6 to 20 percent
Rock fragment content: 35 to 65 percent
Reaction: extremely acid or very strongly acid
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Albemarle, Allegheny, Allenwood, Ardentsville, Cades, Cardova, Chester, Chetwynd, Drapermill, Ellinsboro, Eubanks, Ezel, Frankstown, Glenelg, Happyland (T), Leck Kill, Lonon, Meadowville, Milldraper, Murrill, Nixon, Queponco, Reybold (T), Rhodhiss, Shouns, Tate, Ungers, and Whiteford series . All these series, except Cardova, Drapermill, and Milldraper soils are more than 102 cm (40 inches) to bedrock. Cardova and Milldraper soils have a paralithic contact above 40 inches. Drapermill soils have rock fragments of quartz and phyllite lithology.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Gilwood soils are on moderately sloping shoulders to very steep backslopes of hills and knobs. Slopes range from 6 to 75 percent. They formed in residuum from siltstone. The bedrock is from the upper part of the Spickert Knob Formation, Borden Group, in Indiana. The mean annual temperature ranges from 11 to 14 degrees C (51 to 57 degrees F), and the mean annual precipitation ranges from 102 to 114 cm (40 to 45 inches). Frost free period is 170 to 200 days, and elevation ranges from 105 to 305 meters (345 to 1000 feet).
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Brownstown, Gnawbone, Spickert, Wellrock and Wrays soils on hills; and the deep, moderately well drained Beanblossom soils on flood plains. The moderately deep, more channery Brownstown soils are typically on backslopes. The well drained, moderately deep Gnawbone soils are on lower lying shoulders and backslopes, and have a paralithic contact. The deep and very deep, moderately well drained Spickert soils are on summits and shoulders. The well drained, deep Wellrock soils are on lower lying shoulders and backslopes, and have a paralithic contact. The well drained, deep Wrays soils are on summits, shoulders and backslopes.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. The potential for surface water runoff is medium to high. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high (4.23 to 14.11 micrometers/s) in the solum. Permeability is moderate in the solum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are in mixed hardwood trees, the native vegetation. A few areas are used for pasture.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: South-central Indiana. This series is of moderate extent in MLRA 120C.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Scott County, Indiana, 1995. The name is coined.
REMARKS: Gilwood soils were previously included with Gilpin soils.
Diagnostic horizons recognized in this pedon are: 1) Ochric epipedon: the zone from approximately 3 to 15 cm (1 to 6 inches), (A horizon); 2) Argillic horizon: the zone from approximately 28 to 56 cm (11 to 22 inches), (Bt horizon); and 3) Lithic contact: the zone where soil meets hard bedrock at 81 cm (32 inches).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Data for this pedon available at the Agricultural Experiment Station, Purdue University, Station Bulletin no. 323 file No. JN7913.